Self-ownership and disgust: why compulsory body part redistribution gets under our skin

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• 作者：Christopher Freiman ; Adam Lerner
• 关键词：Self ; ownership ; Consequentialism ; Moral psychology ; Disgust
• 刊名：Philosophical Studies
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：172
• 期：12
• 页码：3167-3190
• 全文大小：475 KB
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• 作者单位：Christopher Freiman (1)
  Adam Lerner (2)
  
  1. Department of Philosophy, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187-8795, USA
  2. Department of Philosophy, Princeton University, 1879 Hall, Room 212, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
• 刊物主题：Philosophy
  Philosophy
  Logic
  Epistemology
  Philosophy of Mind
  Philosophy of Religion
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0883

文摘

The self-ownership thesis asserts, roughly, that agents own their minds and bodies in the same way that they can own extra-personal property. One common strategy for defending the self-ownership thesis is to show that it accords with our intuitions about the wrongness of various acts involving the expropriation of body parts (e.g., Robert Nozick’s case of compulsory eyeball redistribution and Judith Jarvis Thomson’s Violinist). We challenge this line of defense. We argue that disgust explains our resistance to these sorts of cases and present results from an original psychological experiment in support of this hypothesis. We argue further that learning that disgust is responsible for pro-self-ownership intuitions should reduce our confidence in those intuitions. After considering and rejecting some prominent “debunking-arguments predicated on disgust’s evolutionary history, we provide alternative reasons for thinking that disgust is not a reliable source of moral judgments. Rejecting the reliability of disgust as a mechanism for producing moral beliefs coheres with our considered judgments about (1) the general kinds of considerations that are morally relevant and (2) a range of particular moral problems. Keywords Self-ownership Consequentialism Moral psychology Disgust