Fraser fir somatic embryogenesis: high frequency initiation, maintenance, embryo development, germination and cryopreservation

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• 作者：Gerald S. Pullman ; Katie Olson ; Taylor Fischer ; Ulrika Egertsdotter…
• 关键词：Abies fraseri ; Embryogenic tissue initiation ; Conifer ; Fraser fir ; Somatic embryogenesis
• 刊名：New Forests
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：47
• 期：3
• 页码：453-480
• 全文大小：1,369 KB
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• 作者单位：Gerald S. Pullman (1)
  Katie Olson (2)
  Taylor Fischer (3)
  Ulrika Egertsdotter (4) (5)
  John Frampton (6)
  Kylie Bucalo (2) (7)
  
  1. School of Biology, Renewable Bioproducts Institute (Formerly the Institute of Paper Science and Technology), Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0620, USA
  2. Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
  3. School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
  4. G. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
  5. Umea Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish Agricultural University, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
  6. Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, N.C. State University, 3219 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8008, USA
  7. Department of Conservation Research, Atlanta Botanical Garden, Atlanta, GA, 30309, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Forestry
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-5095

文摘

Fraser fir (Abies fraseri [Pursh] Poir.) is a coniferous species native to the Southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. The species has high economic and recreational value but is vulnerable to extinction due to introduced pests and global warming. Somatic embryogenesis technology may assist in the clonal production of desired lines of Christmas trees and safekeeping of rare and valuable germplasm via cryopreservation. We have developed a highly effective medium for initiation of embryogenic tissue from immature or mature seeds of Fraser fir that contains AL salts (Kvaalen et al., in Can J For Res 35:1053–1060, 2005), brassinolide, paclobutrazol and abscisic acid. Using dominant embryos attached to the female gametophyte placed on medium, the highest initiation percentages occurred with precotyledonary stage 3 embryos. When tested with 11 high-value open-pollinated families over 5 years, initiation tests for medium containing brassinolide and paclobutrazol averaged 6–62 % initiation. A maintenance medium was developed that contained AL salts and 1.1 mg L−1 BAP and was able to capture approximately 50 % of the initiations. A maturation medium was developed containing AL salts, maltose, polyethylene glycol 8000 and abscisic acid that produced cotyledonary embryos capable of germination to produce a root and shoot. Culture cryopreservation and retrieval was also demonstrated.