Functional characterization of putative G protein-coupled receptors in the tomato pathotype of Alternaria alternata

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• 作者：Kazumi Takao ; Yasunori Akagi ; Takashi Tsuge…
• 关键词：Alternaria alternata tomato pathotype ; G protein ; coupled receptor ; AaGPR ; Virulence ; AAL ; toxin
• 刊名：Journal of General Plant Pathology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：82
• 期：2
• 页码：82-88
• 全文大小：1,548 KB
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• 作者单位：Kazumi Takao (1)
  Yasunori Akagi (2)
  Takashi Tsuge (3)
  Motoichiro Kodama (1)
  
  1. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
  3. Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Pathology
  Agriculture
  Microbiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Japan
• ISSN：1610-739X

文摘

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large transmembrane receptor superfamily that is involved in many cellular signaling pathways. In the present study, GPCR-family genes from the toxigenic and necrotrophic plant pathogen Alternaria alternata were cloned and characterized. Three GPCR-encoding genes, AaGPR1, AaGPR2, and AaGPR3 were identified in the draft genomic data of the A. alternata tomato pathotype, which produces the host-specific AAL-toxin. AaGPR1, AaGPR2, and AaGPR3 each encodes a protein containing a seven transmembrane domain that is characteristic of GPCRs. Targeted deletion of AaGPR1, AaGPR2, or AaGPR3 in the A. alternata tomato pathotype was conducted to understand the influence of G-protein signaling mechanisms on developmental processes and virulence of this pathogen. No changes in colony morphology or AAL-toxin production were observed for the deletion strain ΔAaGPR1, 2, and 3, compared with the wild-type strain. However, one deletion strain, ΔAaGPR3, exhibited aberrant conidial morphology including decreased conidial length and beak formation. The ability to induce the formation of necrotic lesions on susceptible leaves also significantly decreased in ΔAaGPR3, indicating a reduction in virulence. These defects are similar to the phenotypes found for the Gα gene (AGA1) mutant of A. alternata. These results indicate that the G-protein signal transduction pathway appears to be involved in conidial development and virulence of A. alternata.