Similarity effects in visual working memory

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• 作者：Yuhong V. Jiang ; Hyejin J. Lee ; Anthony Asaad…
• 关键词：Visual working memory ; Similarity ; Change detection ; Face memory
• 刊名：Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：23
• 期：2
• 页码：476-482
• 全文大小：519 KB
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• 作者单位：Yuhong V. Jiang (1)
  Hyejin J. Lee (1)
  Anthony Asaad (1)
  Roger Remington (1)
  
  1. Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, S251 Elliott Hall, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
  
• 刊物主题：Cognitive Psychology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1531-5320

文摘

Perceptual similarity is an important property of multiple stimuli. Its computation supports a wide range of cognitive functions, including reasoning, categorization, and memory recognition. It is important, therefore, to determine why previous research has found conflicting effects of inter-item similarity on visual working memory. Studies reporting a similarity advantage have used simple stimuli whose similarity varied along a featural continuum. Studies reporting a similarity disadvantage have used complex stimuli from either a single or multiple categories. To elucidate stimulus conditions for similarity effects in visual working memory, we tested memory for complex stimuli (faces) whose similarity varied along a morph continuum. Participants encoded 3 morphs generated from a single face identity in the similar condition, or 3 morphs generated from different face identities in the dissimilar condition. After a brief delay, a test face appeared at one of the encoding locations for participants to make a same/different judgment. Two experiments showed that similarity enhanced memory accuracy without changing the response criterion. These findings support previous computational models that incorporate featural variance as a component of working memory load. They delineate limitations of models that emphasize cortical resources or response decisions.