Spore behaviors reveal a category of mating-competent infertile heterokaryons in the offspring of the medicinal fungus Agaricus subrufescens

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• 作者：Manuela Rocha de Brito ; Marie Foulongne-Oriol…
• 关键词：Mushroom ; Pseudohomothallism ; Buller phenomenon ; Life cycle ; Breeding program
• 刊名：Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：100
• 期：2
• 页码：781-796
• 全文大小：1,201 KB
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• 作者单位：Manuela Rocha de Brito (1) (2)
  Marie Foulongne-Oriol (1)
  Magalie Moinard (1)
  Eustáquio Souza Dias (2)
  Jean-Michel Savoie (1)
  Philippe Callac (1)
  
  1. INRA, UR1264 MycSA, Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments, CS 20032, F-33882, Villenave d’Ornon Cedex, France
  2. Departamento de Biologia, UFLA, Universidade Federal de Lavras, C.P. 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Biotechnology
  Microbiology
  Microbial Genetics and Genomics
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0614

文摘

Strain breeding is much less advanced in the edible and medicinal species Agaricus subrufescens than in Agaricus bisporus, the button mushroom. Both species have a unifactorial system of sexual incompatibility, a mating type locus tightly linked to a centromere, and basidia producing both homokaryotic (n) and heterokaryotic (n + n) spores. In A. bisporus, breeding is mainly based on direct selection among the heterokaryotic offspring and on hybridization between homokaryotic offspring. The parental heterozygosity is highly maintained in the heterokaryotic offspring due to suppression of recombination and preferential pairing in the spores of nuclei, each one per second meiotic divisions; such “non-sister nuclei” heterokaryons are fertile. In A. subrufescens, recent studies revealed that recombination is not suppressed and that nuclei from the same second meiotic division can also be paired in a spore that give rise to a “sister nuclei” heterokaryon in which the nuclei bear the same mating type allele. The objective of the present work was to investigate the potential function of the different categories of spores in A. subrufescens and their possible use in a genetic breeding program. Using eight co-dominant molecular markers, we found that half of the offspring of the A. subrufescens strain WC837 were heterokaryotic, one quarter of them being sister nuclei heterokaryons. These heterokaryons were infertile and behaved like homokaryons, being even able to cross between each other. In contrast, non-sister nuclei heterokaryons could fruit but inconsistently due to inbreeding depression. Potential roles of these two categories of heterokaryons in nature and consequences for strain breeding are discussed. Keywords Mushroom Pseudohomothallism Buller phenomenon Life cycle Breeding program