Patterns of ambulatory dispersal in Tetranychus urticae can be associated with host plant specialization

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• 作者：E. Aguilar-Fenollosa ; J. Rey-Caballero ; J. M. Blasco…
• 关键词：Two spotted spider mite ; Phytoseiidae ; Conservation biological control ; Habitat management ; Local adaptation ; Microsatellite markers
• 刊名：Experimental and Applied Acarology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：68
• 期：1
• 页码：1-20
• 全文大小：725 KB
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• 作者单位：E. Aguilar-Fenollosa (1)
  J. Rey-Caballero (1) (2)
  J. M. Blasco (1)
  J. G. Segarra-Moragues (3)
  M. A. Hurtado (1)
  J. A. Jaques (1)
  
  1. Departament de Ci猫ncies Agr脿ries i del Medi Natural, Unitat Associada d鈥橢ntomologia Agr铆cola UJI 鈥?Institut Valenci脿 d鈥橧nvestigacions Agr脿ries (IVIA), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Campus del Riu Sec, 12071, Castell贸 de la Plana, Spain
  2. Departament d鈥橦ortofruticultura, Bot脿nica i Jardineria (HBJ), Grup de Malherboligia i Ecolog铆a Vegetal, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Avda Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
  3. Departamento de Biolog铆a Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biol贸gicas, Universitat de Val猫ncia, Avda. Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
  
• 刊物主题：Entomology; Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography; Animal Genetics and Genomics; Animal Ecology; Life Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-9702

文摘

Dispersal can be an essential factor affecting the biological control of pests. Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species that may reach the pest status in many cropping systems including clementine orchards, where it may be found both in the trees and the associated flora. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the use of a ground cover of Festuca arundinacea Schreber (Poaceae) offered a better regulation of T. urticae populations than traditional alternatives (bare soil, multifloral wild cover). Therefore, we decided to study the ambulatory dispersal of mites crawling up and down tree trunks in a clementine mandarin orchard grown in association with a F. arundinacea cover for one season. The highest ambulatory migration rate was upward from the cover to the canopy. Multivariate regressions showed that the dynamics of T. urticae populations in the trees was strongly related to that of Phytoseiidae mites, their main natural predators. Surprisingly, canopy populations were not related to those on the ground cover or to those dispersing from it. When T. urticae individuals collected from the ground cover, the tree trunk, and the canopy were subjected to molecular analyses, the optimal number of genetic clusters (demes) was two. One cluster grouped individuals dispersed from the ground cover (e.g. collected on tree trunks) and 27.5 % of individuals collected in the ground cover. The second cluster grouped all the individuals collected from trees and 72.5 % of those collected in the cover. Interestingly, none of the individuals collected from the tree canopies was grouped with the first deme. This result may be taken as indicative that grass-adapted T. urticae individuals are unable to satisfactorily colonize and establish on the trees and provides evidence that host adaptation can hamper dispersal and establishment of the ground cover deme on trees, contributing to a better natural regulation of this pest species in citrus. Keywords Two spotted spider mite Phytoseiidae Conservation biological control Habitat management Local adaptation Microsatellite markers