Sex-dependent responses to increased parental effort in the pied flycatcher

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：P. E. Järvistö ; S. Calhim ; W. Schuett ; W. Velmala…
• 关键词：Current reproduction ; Fitness cost ; Future reproduction ; Local survival ; Melanin ; based coloration ; Optimal brood size ; Secondary sexual trait ; Sexual conflict
• 刊名：Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：70
• 期：1
• 页码：157-169
• 全文大小：470 KB
• 参考文献：Alonso-Alvarez C, Velando A (2012) Benefits and costs of parental care. In: Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kölliker M (eds) The evolution of parental care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 40–61CrossRef
  Andersson M (1994) Sexual selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton
  Askenmo C (1979) Reproductive effort and return rate of male pied flycatchers. Am Nat 114:748–753CrossRef
  Blomquist GE (2009) Trade-off between age of first reproduction and survival in a female primate. Biol Lett 5:339–342PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
  Breiehagen T, Sætre G-P (1992) Territorial defence and plumage colour in pied flycatchers, Ficedula hypoleuca. Anim Behav 44:987–989CrossRef
  Burness GP, McClelland GB, Wardrop SL, Hochachka PW (2000) Effect of brood size manipulation on offspring physiology: an experiment with passerine birds. J Exp Biol 203:3513–3520PubMed
  Charmandari E, Tsigos C, Chrousos G (2005) Endocrinology of the stress response. Annu Rev Physiol 67:259–284PubMed CrossRef
  Dale S, Slagsvold T, Lampe HM, Sætre GP (1999) Population divergence in sexual ornaments: the white forehead patch of Norwegian pied flycatchers is small and unsexy. Evolution 53:1235–1246CrossRef
  Davis AK, Maney DL, Maerz JC (2008) The use of leukocyte profiles to measure stress in vertebrates: a review for ecologists. Funct Ecol 22:760–772CrossRef
  Ducrest AL, Keller L, Roulin A (2008) Pleiotropy in the melanocortin system, coloration and behavioural syndromes. Trends Ecol Evol 23:502–510PubMed CrossRef
  Finch CE, Rose MR (1995) Hormones and the physiological architecture of life history evolution. Q Rev Biol 70:1–52PubMed CrossRef
  Folstad I, Karter AJ (1992) Parasites, bright males, and the immunocompetence handicap. Am Nat 139:603–622CrossRef
  Fraser GS, Jones IL, Hunter FM (2002) Male–female differences in parental care in monogamous crested auklets. Condor 104:413–423CrossRef
  Galván I, Moreno J (2009) Variation in effects of male plumage ornaments: the case of Iberian pied flycatcher. Ibis 151:541–546CrossRef
  Garant D, Sheldon BC, Gustafsson L (2004) Climatic and temporal effects on the expression of secondary sexual characters: genetic and environmental components. Evolution 58:634–644PubMed CrossRef
  García-Berthou E (2001) On the misuse of residuals in ecology: testing regression residuals vs. the analysis of covariance. J Anim Ecol 70:708–711CrossRef
  Gustafsson L, Pärt T (1990) Acceleration of senescence in the collared flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca by reproductive costs. Nature 347:279–281CrossRef
  Gustafsson L, Qvarnström A, Sheldon BC (1995) Trade-offs between life-history traits and a secondary sexual character in male collared flycatchers. Nature 375:311–313CrossRef
  Hamer KC, Quillfeldt P, Masello JF, Fletcher KL (2006) Sex differences in provisioning rules: responses of Manx shearwaters to supplementary chick feeding. Behav Ecol 17:132–137CrossRef
  Hemborg C (1999) Sexual differences in moult
  eeding overlap and female reproductive costs in pied flycatchers, Ficedula hypoleuca. J Anim Ecol 68:429–436CrossRef
  Höglund J, Sheldon BC (1998) The cost of reproduction and sexual selection. Oikos 83:478–483CrossRef
  Hõrak P, Ots I, Murumägi A (1998) Haematological health state indices of reproducing great tits: a response to brood size manipulation. Funct Ecol 12:750–756CrossRef
  Ilmonen P, Hasselquist D, Langefors Å, Wiehn J (2003) Stress, immunocompetence and leukocyte profiles of pied flycatchers in relation to brood size manipulation. Oecologia 136:148–154PubMed CrossRef
  Jacobs SR, Elliott KH, Gaston AJ (2013) Parents are a drag: long-lived birds share the cost of increased foraging effort with their offspring, but males pass on more of the costs than females. PLoS ONE 8:e54594PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
  Jacobsen K-O, Erikstad KE, Sæther BE (1995) An experimental study of the costs of reproduction in the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ecology 76:1636–1642CrossRef
  Järvi T, Røskaft E, Bakken M, Zumsteg B (1987) Evolution of variation in male secondary sexual characteristics. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 20:161–169CrossRef
  Järvistö PE, Laaksonen T, Calhim S (2013) Forehead patch size predicts the outcome of male-male competition in the pied flycatcher. Ethology 119:662–670CrossRef
  Järvistö PE, Calhim S, Schuett W, Velmala W, Laaksonen T (2015) Foster, but not genetic, father plumage coloration has a temperature-dependent effect on offspring quality. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 69:335–346CrossRef
  Khorram O, Bedran de Castro JC, McCann SM (1985) Stress-induced secretion of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and its physiological role in modulating the secretion of prolactin and luteinizing hormone in the female rat. Endocrinology 117:2483–2489PubMed CrossRef
  Kilgas P, Tilgar V, Mand R (2006) Hematological health state indices predict local survival in a small passerine bird, the great tit (Parus major). Physiol Biochem Zool 79:565–572PubMed CrossRef
  Kokko H, Jennions MD (2012) Sex differences in parental care. In: Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kölliker M (eds) The evolution of parental care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 101–118CrossRef
  Laaksonen T, Adamczyck F, Ahola MP, Möstl E, Lessells CM (2011) Yolk androgens and sexual conflict in the pied flycatcher. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 65:257–264PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
  Lack D (1948) Natural selection and family size in the starling. Evolution 2:95–110CrossRef
  Lehtonen PK, Primmer CR, Laaksonen T (2009) Different traits affect gain of extrapair paternity and loss of paternity in the pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca. Anim Behav 77:1103–1110CrossRef
  Lessells CM (2012) Sexual conflict. In: Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kölliker M (eds) The evolution of parental care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 150–170CrossRef
  Lobato E, Moreno J, Merino S, Sanz JJ, Arriero E (2005) Haematological variables are good predictors of recruitment in nestling pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca). Ecoscience 12:27–34CrossRef
  Lundberg A, Alatalo RV (1992) The pied flycatcher. T and AD Poyser, London
  McGraw KJ, Mackillop EA, Dale J, Hauber ME (2002) Different colors reveal different information: how nutritional stress affects the expression of melanin- and structurally based ornamental plumage. J Exp Biol 205:3747–3755PubMed
  McGraw KJ, Dale J, Mackillop EA (2003) Social environment during molt and the expression of melanin-based plumage pigmentation in male house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 53:116–122
  Messina FJ, Fox CW (2001) Offspring size and number. In: Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kölliker M (eds) The evolution of parental care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 113–127
  Møller AP, Adriaensen F, Artemyev A et al (2014) Clutch-size variation in Western Palaearctic secondary hole-nesting passerine birds in relation to nest box design. Methods Ecol Evol 5:353–362CrossRef
  Monaghan P, Nager RG (1997) Why don’t birds lay more eggs? Trends Ecol Evol 12:270–274PubMed CrossRef
  Morales J, Moreno J, Merino S, Sanz JJ, Tomás G, Arriero E, Lobato E, Martínez-de la Puente J (2007) Early moult improves local survival and reduces reproductive output in female pied flycatchers. Ecoscience 14:31–39CrossRef
  Moreno J, Cowie RJ, Sanz JJ, Williams RSR (1995) Differential response by males and females to brood manipulations in the pied flycatcher: energy expenditure and nestling diet. J Anim Ecol 64:721–732CrossRef
  Moreno J, Velando A, Ruiz-De-Castañeda R, Cantarero A, González-Braojos S, Redondo A (2011) Plasma antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage in relation to male plumage ornamental traits in a montane Iberian pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca population. Acta Ornithol 46:65–70CrossRef
  Nakagawa S, Gillespie DOS, Hatchwell BJ, Burke T (2007) Predictable males and unpredictable females: sex difference in repeatability of parental care in a wild bird population. J Evol Biol 20:1674–1681PubMed CrossRef
  Nilsson J-A, Svensson E (1996) The cost of reproduction: a new link between current reproductive effort and future reproductive success. Proc R Soc Lond B 263:711–714CrossRef
  Norris DR, Marra PP, Montgomerie R, Kyser TK, Ratcliffe LM (2004) Reproductive effort, molting latitude, and feather color in a migratory songbird. Science 306:2249–2250PubMed CrossRef
  Nur N (1988) The consequences of brood size for breeding blue tits. III. Measuring the cost of reproduction: survival, future fecundity, and differential dispersal. Evolution 42:351–362CrossRef
  Potti J, Montalvo S (1991) Male arrival and female mate choice in pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca in central Spain. Ornis Scand 22:45–54CrossRef
  Reznick D, Nunney L, Tessier A (2000) Big houses, big cars, superfleas and the costs of reproduction. Trends Ecol Evol 15:421–425PubMed CrossRef
  Roff DA (1992) The evolution of life histories: theory and analysis. Chapman and Hall, New York
  Røskaft E (1985) The effect of enlarged brood size on the future reproductive potential of the rook. J Anim Ecol 54:255–260CrossRef
  Roulin A, Ducrest AL (2013) Genetics of colouration in birds. Semin Cell Dev Biol 24:594–608PubMed CrossRef
  Royle NJ, Hartley IR, Parker GA (2002) Sexual conflict reduces offspring fitness in zebra finches. Nature 416:733–736PubMed CrossRef
  Saetre G-P, Fossnes T, Slagsvold T (1995) Food provisioning in the pied flycatcher: do females gain direct benefits from choosing bright-coloured males? J Anim Ecol 64:21–30CrossRef
  Santos ESA, Nakagawa S (2012) The costs of parental care: a meta-analysis of the trade-off between parental effort and survival in birds. J Evol Biol 25:1911–1917PubMed CrossRef
  Sanz JJ (1997) Clutch size manipulation in the pied flycatcher: effects on nestling growth, parental care and moult. J Avian Biol 28:157–162CrossRef
  Senar JC, Figuerola J, Domènech J (2003) Plumage coloration and nutritional condition in the great tit Parus major: the roles of carotenoids and melanins differ. Naturwissenschaften 90:234–237PubMed CrossRef
  Sheldon BC, Ellegren H (1998) Paternal effort related to experimentally manipulated paternity of male collared flycatchers. Proc R Soc Lond B 265:1737–1742CrossRef
  Siefferman L, Hill GE (2005) Male eastern bluebirds trade future ornamentation for current reproductive investment. Biol Lett 1:208–211PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
  Siefferman L, Hill GE (2008) Sex-specific costs of reproduction in eastern bluebirds Sialia sialis. Ibis 150:32–39PubMed PubMedCentral CrossRef
  Siikamäki P, Haimi J, Hovi M, Rätti O (1998) Properties of food loads delivered to nestlings in the pied flycatcher: effects of clutch size manipulation, year and sex. Oecologia 115:579–585CrossRef
  Sirkiä PM (2011) Maintenance of phenotypic variation in plumage colouration in a passerine bird. PhD thesis. Annales Universitatis Turkuensis, AII: 262
  Sirkiä PM, Laaksonen T (2009) Distinguishing between male and territory quality: females choose multiple traits in the pied flycatcher. Anim Behav 78:1051–1060CrossRef
  Slagsvold T (1986) Asynchronous versus synchronous hatching in birds: experiments with the pied flycatcher. J Anim Ecol 55:1115–1134CrossRef
  Smiseth PT, Kölliker M, Royle NJ (2012) What is parental care? In: Royle NJ, Smiseth PT, Kölliker M (eds) The evolution of parental care. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 1–20CrossRef
  Smith HG, Härdling R (2000) Clutch size evolution under sexual conflict enhances the stability of mating systems. Proc R Soc Lond B 267:2163–2170CrossRef
  Stearns SC (1989) Trade-offs in life-history evolution. Funct Ecol 3:259–268CrossRef
  Stearns SC (2000) Life history evolution: successes, limitations, and prospects. Naturwissenschaften 87:476–486PubMed CrossRef
  Svensson L (1992) Identification guide to European passerines. Märsta Press, Stockholm
  Thomson RL, Griesser M, Laaksonen T, Korpimäki E (2014) Brood size manipulations in a spatially and temporally varying environment: male Tengmalm’s owls pass increased reproductive costs to offspring. Oecologia 176:423–430PubMed CrossRef
  Török J, Hegyi G, Garamszegi LZ (2003) Depigmented wing patch size is a condition-dependent indicator of viability in male collared flycatcher. Behav Ecol 14:382–388CrossRef
  Trivers R (1972) Parental investment and sexual selection. Aldine Press, New York
  Westneat DF, Stewart IRK (2003) Extra-pair paternity in birds: causes, correlates, and conflict. Annu Rev Ecol Evol S 34:365–396CrossRef
  Whittingham LA (1989) An experimental study of paternal behavior in red-winged blackbirds. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 25:73–80CrossRef
  Williams GC (1966) Natural selection, the costs of reproduction, and a refinement of Lack’s principle. Am Nat 100:687–690CrossRef
  Zahavi A (1975) Mate selection—a selection for a handicap. J Theor Biol 53:205–214PubMed CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：P. E. Järvistö (1)
  S. Calhim (2)
  W. Schuett (3)
  W. Velmala (1)
  T. Laaksonen (1)
  
  1. Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
  2. Section of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
  3. Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Behavioural Sciences
  Zoology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0762

文摘

The optimal number of offspring for males and females may differ, as males and females invest differently in different aspects of reproduction. This creates potential for a sexual conflict leading to reduced residual reproductive value of the sex that experiences exploitation by the other sex. We experimentally investigated (by changing the brood size by one offspring) the effects of increased or decreased parental effort on the future local survival and breeding success of adult pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca), and on the future expression of male ornamentation. In addition, we studied how experimentally changing the brood size affected offspring condition and their recruitment. We show that females (but not males) rearing enlarged broods had lower local survival compared to those rearing reduced or control broods. This indicates a sexual conflict concerning optimal brood size. However, even though brood size manipulation did not affect the local survival of males, it did have an influence on the dorsal melanin coloration of young males. Young males rearing enlarged broods showed a stronger increase in plumage darkness from the current to the next breeding season than those rearing reduced or control broods. This suggests that stress experienced during reproduction might have carry-over effects that influence the complicated melanocortin system and lead to changes in the expression of melanin-based coloration. Alternatively, successful breeding might have stimulated young males to further invest in reproduction in the following season. Taken together these results indicate that both sexes are affected by brood demands, but in different ways. Keywords Current reproduction Fitness cost Future reproduction Local survival Melanin-based coloration Optimal brood size Secondary sexual trait Sexual conflict