Biogenesis of diverse plant phasiRNAs involves an miRNA-trigger and Dicer-processing
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- 作者：Reina Komiya
- 关键词：phasiRNAs ; tasiRNAs ; 22 ; nt miRNAs ; DCL ; processing ; ARGONAUTE ; Reproduction
- 刊名：Journal of Plant Research
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：January 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：130
- 期：1
- 页码：17-23
- 全文大小：1101KB
- 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
- 刊物主题：Plant Sciences; Plant Ecology; Plant Physiology; Plant Biochemistry;
- 出版者：Springer Japan
- ISSN：1618-0860
- 卷排序：130
文摘
It has been almost 30 years since RNA interference (RNAi) was shown to silence genes via double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) in Caenorhabditis elegans (Fire et al. 1998). 20–30-nucleotide (nt) small non-coding RNAs are a key element of the RNAi machinery. Recently, phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs), small RNAs that are generated from a long RNA precursor at intervals of 21 to 26-nt, have been identified in plants and animals. In Drosophila, phasiRNAs are generated by the endonuclease, Zucchini (Zuc), in germlines. These phasiRNAs, known as one of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), mainly repress transposable elements. Similarly, reproduction-specific phasiRNAs have been identified in the family Poaceae, although DICER LIKE (DCL) protein-dependent phasiRNA biogenesis in rice is distinct from piRNA biogenesis in animals. In plants, phasiRNA biogenesis is initiated when 22-nt microRNAs (miRNAs) cleave single-stranded target RNAs. Subsequently, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) forms dsRNAs from the cleaved RNAs, and dsRNAs are further processed by DCLs into 21 to 24-nt phasiRNAs. Finally, the phasiRNAs are loaded to ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins to induce RNA-silencing. There are diverse types of phasiRNA precursors and the miRNAs that trigger the biogenesis. Their expression patterns also differ among plant species, suggesting that species-specific combinations of these triggers dictate the spatio-temporal pattern of phasiRNA biogenesis during development, or in response to environmental stimuli.