Combined Effects of Diet and Exercise or Diet Alone to Improve Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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• 作者：Maria Giné-Garriga ; Eulàlia Vidal-Garcia…
• 关键词：Diet ; Exercise ; Physical activity ; Older adults ; Systematic review ; Meta ; analysis ; Physical function
• 刊名：Current Nutrition Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：4
• 期：2
• 页码：164-175
• 全文大小：1,228 KB
• 参考文献：Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: -Of importance ?-Of major importance1.World Health Organisation, US National Institute of Aging. Global health and ageing. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2011.
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  14.?-/div>Cadore EL, Rodríguez-Ma?as L, Sinclair A, Izquierdo M. Effects of different exercise interventions on risk of falls, gait ability, and balance in physically frail older adults: a systematic review. Rejuvenation Res. 2013;16:105-4. The aim of this review was to recommend training strategies that improve the functional capacity in physically frail older adults based on scientific literature, focusing specially in supervised exercise programs that improved muscle strength, fall risk, balance, and gait ability. View Article PubMed Central PubMed
  15.Chin A, Paw MJ, van Uffelen JGZ, Riphagen I, van Mechelen W. The functional effects of physical exercise training in frail older people: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2008;38:781-3.View Article
  16.?-/div>Giné-Garriga M, Roqué-Fíguls M, Coll-Planas L, Sitjà-Rabert M, Salvà A. Physical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95:753-9. This systematic review determines the efficacy of exercise-based interventions on improving performance-based measures of physical function and markers of physical frailty in community-dwelling, frail older people. View Article PubMed
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• 作者单位：Maria Giné-Garriga (1) (2)
  Eulàlia Vidal-Garcia (3)
  Natàlia Gómara-Toldrà (2)
  Blanca Roman-Vi?as (1) (4) (7)
  Marta Roqué-Fíguls (5) (6) (8)
  
  1. Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, FPCEE Blanquerna, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/ Císter 34, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
  2. FCS Blanquerna, Department of Physical Therapy, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/ Padilla 326-332, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
  3. FCS Blanquerna, Department of Nutrition, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/ Padilla 326-332, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
  4. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
  7. Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, FPCEE Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/ Císter 34, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
  5. Institute on Aging, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  6. Institute of Biomedical Research Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
  8. Institute on Aging, Casa Convalescència UAB, C/ Sant Antoni Marià Claret 171, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
  
• 刊物主题：Clinical Nutrition; Medicine/Public Health, general; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Cardiology; Oncology; Diabetes;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：2161-3311

文摘

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the effectiveness of combined diet (not limited to caloric restriction) and exercise interventions, and diet interventions alone to improve physical function in community-dwelling older adults. Randomized clinical trials and observational population-based studies of community-dwelling older adults were selected through comprehensive bibliographic searches in Medline (up to September 2014). Included trials had to assess performance-based measures of physical function such as strength, balance, mobility and gait, and diet measured as diet indexes or food intake. Seven studies were included. Meta-analysis was performed with the inverse variance method under the random effects models. Combined exercise and diet interventions, when compared with control or diet interventions alone, were shown to improve walking speed and performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), although SPPB results failed to show clinical significance. No consistent effect was observed for balance outcomes. Although exercise interventions are known to improve physical function outcomes, based on current data, it is not possible to affirm that a combination of diet and exercise interventions can further improve physical function. The evidence comparing different patterns of diet is scarce, and it is not possible to pinpoint which diet intervention is the most effective.