Capuchins (Cebus apella) fail to show an asymmetric dominance effect
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- 作者：Paul M. Cohen ; Laurie R. Santos
- 关键词：Asymmetric dominance effect ; Decoy effect ; Capuchin monkeys ; Choice biases
- 刊名：Animal Cognition
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：March 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：20
- 期：2
- 页码：331-345
- 全文大小：
- 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
- 刊物主题：Behavioral Sciences; Zoology; Psychology Research;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：1435-9456
- 卷排序：20
文摘
The asymmetric dominance effect (ADE) occurs when the introduction of a partially dominated decoy option increases the choice share of its dominating alternative. The ADE is a violation of regularity and the constant-ratio rule, which are two derivations of the independence of irrelevant alternatives axiom, a core tenant of rational choice. The ADE is one of the most widely reported human choice phenomena, leading researchers to probe its origins by studying a variety of non-human species. We examined the ADE in brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), a species that displays many other decision biases. In Experiment 1, we used a touchscreen method to elicit choice-based preferences for food rewards in asymmetrically dominated choice sets. In Experiments 2 and 3, we distinguished between different types of judgments and used a free selection task to elicit consumption-based preferences for juice rewards. However, we found no evidence for the ADE through violations of regularity or the constant-ratio rule, despite the similarity of our stimuli to other human and non-human experiments. While these results appear to conflict with existing literature on the ADE in non-human species, we point out methodological differences—notably, the distinction between value-based and perception-based stimuli—that have led to a collection of phenomena that are difficult to understand under a unitary theoretical framework. In particular, we highlight key differences between the human and non-human research and provide a series of steps that researchers could take to better understand the ADE.