Effects of slope orientation on pedogenesis of altimontane soils from the Brazilian semi-arid region (Baturité massif, Ceará)

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• 作者：Wesley Rocha Barbosa ; Ricardo Espíndola Romero…
• 关键词：Altitudinal gradient ; Chemical weathering ; Pedogenesis ; Tropical soils
• 刊名：Environmental Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：73
• 期：7
• 页码：3731-3743
• 全文大小：1,092 KB
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• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：None Assigned
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-6299

文摘

Given the importance of climate conditions for the development of soils, studies on climosequences are a valuable tool to predict the influence of climate change on weathering rates and on soil formation processes. The Baturité massif, a humid enclave located in the Brazilian semi-arid region, has unique characteristics that cause a disproportional distribution of rainfall: the eastern and northern slopes receive more than 1,600?mm/year of rainfall, whereas the southern and western slopes have semi-arid characteristics with rainfall of less than 600?mm/year. Eight soil profiles were selected to investigate the influence of these distinct climates on soil formation. To achieve this, physical, chemical, morphological, mineralogical and micromorphological data were determined and analyzed. In the humid slope predominate soil processes include melanization, brunification, intense leaching, acidification and alitization, with intensified weathering in higher altitudes. In contrast, the environment in the dry slope favored the occurrence of soils with a higher base status, high-activity clays, low Al saturation and bisialitization processes coexisting with monosialitization, mainly in the soils located at lower altitudes. Micromorphological data indicate that clay illuviation is not the main process responsible for the enrichment of clay in the subsurface horizons. The contrasting environmental conditions with different mineralogical composition seem to be an important indicator of weathering intensity and pedoenvironmental conditions.