Supermarkets and private standards: unintended consequences of the audit ritual

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• 作者：Stephen S. Davey (1)
  Carol Richards (1)
  
• 关键词：Audit ; Governance ; Private standards ; Retailers ; Third ; party certification
• 刊名：Agriculture and Human Values
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：June 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：30
• 期：2
• 页码：271-281
• 全文大小：220KB
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• 作者单位：Stephen S. Davey (1)
  Carol Richards (1)
  
  1. School of Social Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
  

文摘

Recent scholarship has considered the implications of the rise of voluntary private standards in food and the role of private actors in a rapidly evolving, de-facto 鈥榤andatory鈥?sphere of governance. Standards are an important element of this globalising private sphere, but are an element that has been relatively peripheral in analyses of power in agri-food systems. Sociological thought has countered orthodox views of standards as simple tools of measurement, instead understanding their function as a governance mechanism that transforms many things, and people, during processes of standardisation. In a case study of the Australian retail supermarket duopoly and the proprietary standards required for market access this paper foregrounds retailers as standard owners and their role in third-party auditing and certification. Interview data from primary research into Australia鈥檚 food standards captures the multifaceted role supermarkets play as standard-owners, who are found to impinge on the independence of third-party certification while enforcing rigorous audit practices. We show how standard owners, in attempting to standardize the audit process, generate tensions within certification practices in a unique example of ritualism around audit. In examining standards to understand power in contemporary food governance, it is shown that retailers are drawn beyond standard-setting into certification and enforcement, that is characterized by a web of institutions and actors whose power to influence outcomes is uneven.