Numerical simulation on the evolution of cloud particles in 3-D convective cloud

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：XiaoLi Liu (1)
  ShengJie Niu (1)
  
• 关键词：spectral bin microphysics ; 3 ; D convective cloud ; numerical simulation ; evolution of particle spectrum
• 刊名：Science China Earth Sciences
• 出版年：2009
• 出版时间：August 2009
• 年：2009
• 卷：52
• 期：8
• 页码：1195-1206
• 全文大小：1481KB
• 参考文献：1. Xu H B. Some questions in studying the evolution of size distribution spectrum of hydrometeror particles. Acta Meteor Sin (in Chinese), 1999, 57(4): 450鈥?60
  2. Takahashi T. Hail in an axisymmetric cloud model. J Atmos Sci, 1976, 33(8): 1579鈥?601 CrossRef
  3. Hall W D. A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamic framework: Model description and preliminary results. J Atmos Sci, 1980, 37(11): 2486鈥?507 CrossRef
  4. Farley R D, Orville H D. Numerical modeling of hail-storms and hailstone growth. Part I: Preliminary model verification and sensitivity tests. J Atmos Sci, 1986, 51(3): 249鈥?80
  5. Feingold G, Tzivion S, Levin Z. Evolution of raindrop spectra. Part I: Solution to the stochastic collection/ breakup equation using the method moments. J Atmos Sci, 1988, 45(22): 3387鈥?399 CrossRef
  6. Tzivion S, Feingold G, Levin Z. The evolution of raindrop spectra. Part II: Collisional collection/ break and evaporation in a rainshaft. J Atmos Sci, 1989, 46(21): 3312鈥?327 CrossRef
  7. Tzivion S, Reisin T, Levin Z. Numerical simulation of hygroscopic seeding in a convective cloud. J Appl Meteor, 1994, 33(3): 252鈥?67 CrossRef
  8. Reisin T, Levin Z, Tzvion S. Rain production in convective clouds as simulated in an axisymmetric model with detailed microphysics. Part I: Description of the model. J Atmos Sci, 1996, 53(3): 497鈥?19 CrossRef
  9. Reisin T, Levin Z, Tzvion S. Rain production in convective clouds as simulated in an axisymmetric model with detailed microphysics. Part II: Effects of varying drops and ice initiation. J Atmos Sci, 1996, 53(13): 1815鈥?837 CrossRef
  10. Yin Y, Levin Z, Reisin T, et al. The effects of giant cloud condensational nuclei on the development of precipitation in convective clouds: A numerical study. Atmos Res, 2000, 53: 91鈥?16 CrossRef
  11. Yin Y, Levin Z, Reisin T, et al. Seeding convective clouds with hygroscopic flares: Numerical simulations using a cloud model with detailed microphysics. J Appl Meteor, 2000, 39(9): 1460鈥?472 CrossRef
  12. Xiao H, Xu H Y, Huang M Y. Numerical simulation on the formation of cloud drop spectrum in cumulus. Part I: The function of the spectra and concentration of salt (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 1988, 12(2): 121鈥?30
  13. Xiao H, Xu H Y, Huang M Y. Numerical simulation on the formation of cloud drop spectrum in cumulus. Part II: The function of coalescence processes and atmospheric stratification (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 1988, 12(3): 312鈥?19
  14. Zhao S X, Xu H B, Deli G. Numerical simulation of microphysical character of convective cloud precipitation in upper reach of Yellow River (in Chinese). Plateau Meteor, 2004, 23(4): 495鈥?00
  15. Guo X L, Huang M Y, Hong Y C, et al. A study of three-dimensional hail-category hailstorm model Part I: Model description and the mechanism of hail recirculation growth (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 2001, 25(5): 707鈥?20
  16. Guo X L, Huang M Y, Hong Y C, et al. A study of three-dimensional hail-category hailstorm model Part II: Characteristics of hail-category size distribution (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 2001, 25(6): 856鈥?64
  17. Guo X L, Huang M Y, Xu H Y, et al. The raindrop category model study on raindrop distribution of stratiform clouds (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 1999, 23(4): 411鈥?21
  18. Guo X L, Huang M Y, Xu H Y, et al. Rain category numerical simulations of microphysical processes of precipitation formation in stratiform clouds (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 1999, 23(6): 745鈥?52
  19. Liu X L, Niu S J. Numerical simulation researched on the effect of ice crystal multiplication on the stratiform clouds and precipitation (in Chinese). Sci Meteor Sin, 2007, 27(2): 126鈥?32
  20. Liu X L, Niu S J, Chen Y. Numerical simulation of distribution and evolution of supercooled liquid water in seeding stratiform cloud (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 2006, 30(4): 1鈥?
  21. Liu X L. Researches on cloud model with spectral bin microphysics (in Chinese). Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, 2007. 1鈥?23
  22. Liu X L, Niu S J. Development of 3-D convective cloud model based on spectral bin microphysics (in Chinese). J Nanjing Ins Meteor, 2007, 30(5): 617鈥?22
  23. Kong F Y, Huang M Y, Xu H Y. Numerical simulation of ice microphysical process of convective cloud, Part I: Construction of cloud and the parameterization of ice cloud processes (in Chinese). J Atmos Sci, 1990, 14(4): 441鈥?53
  24. Kong F Y. Three-dimendional numerical simulations of hailstorm (in Chinese). Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1991. 1鈥?55
  25. Sun J. Initialization and numerical forecasting of a supercell storm observed during STEPS. Mon Weather Rev, 2005, 133(4): 793鈥?13 CrossRef
  26. Lang T J, Miller L J, Weisman M, et al. The severe thunderstorm electrification and precipitation study. Amer Meteo Soc, 2004, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-85-8-1107
  
• 作者单位：XiaoLi Liu (1)
  ShengJie Niu (1)
  
  1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
  
• ISSN：1869-1897

文摘

A 3-D convective cloud model with compressible non-hydrostatic dynamics and the spectral bin microphysics of a 2-D slab-symmetric model has been used to simulate an observed supercell storm occurring on 29 June, 2000 near Bird City, Kansas, USA. The main objective of this paper is to study the evolution of particles in this convective storm with bin spectral microphysics scheme. Graupels form and grow through two mechanisms, deposition and riming, with the riming process dominant on top of the inflow and in the upper portion of main updraft. Over the outflow and during the developing and mature stages of the storm, graupel particles mainly grow through deposition with dominant unimodal spectra. Most fall out after growing up. Reducing initial relative humidity disturbance (increasing initial potential temperature disturbance) has negative impact on the formation and growth of graupels over the inflow (outflow). This study shows that large graupel and hail could be suppressed by altering the deposition and coalescence process over the inflow and main updraft. At different locations of the convective cells and with different initial humidity and potential temperature disturbance, the graupel formation and growth mechanisms are different, so as to the feasible hail suppression locations and methods.