Satellite laser ranging to GPS and GLONASS

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• 作者：Krzysztof So?nica ; Daniela Thaller ; Rolf Dach ; Peter Steigenberger…
• 关键词：SLR ; GNSS ; Precise orbit determination ; Satellite signature effect ; Corner cube coating ; SLR reflector types
• 刊名：Journal of Geodesy
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：July 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：89
• 期：7
• 页码：725-743
• 全文大小：3,691 KB
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• 作者单位：Krzysztof So?nica (1) (2)
  Daniela Thaller (3)
  Rolf Dach (1)
  Peter Steigenberger (4)
  Gerhard Beutler (1)
  Daniel Arnold (1)
  Adrian J?ggi (1)
  
  1. Astronomical Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
  2. Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357, Wroc?aw, Poland
  3. Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geod?sie, Richard-Strauss-Allee 11, 60598, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  4. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Münchener Stra?e 20, 82234, We?ling, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Mathematical Applications in Geosciences
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1394

文摘

Satellite laser ranging (SLR) to the satellites of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) provides substantial and valuable information about the accuracy and quality of GNSS orbits and allows for the SLR-GNSS co-location in space. In the framework of the NAVSTAR-SLR experiment two GPS satellites of Block-IIA were equipped with laser retroreflector arrays (LRAs), whereas all satellites of the GLONASS system are equipped with LRAs in an operational mode. We summarize the outcome of the NAVSTAR-SLR experiment by processing 20?years of SLR observations to GPS and 12 years of SLR observations to GLONASS satellites using the reprocessed microwave orbits provided by the center for orbit determination in Europe (CODE). The dependency of the SLR residuals on the size, shape, and number of corner cubes in LRAs is studied. We show that the mean SLR residuals and the RMS of residuals depend on the coating of the LRAs and the block or type of GNSS satellites. The SLR mean residuals are also a function of the equipment used at SLR stations including the single-photon and multi-photon detection modes. We also show that the SLR observations to GNSS satellites are important to validate GNSS orbits and to assess deficiencies in the solar radiation pressure models. We found that the satellite signature effect, which is defined as a spread of optical pulse signals due to reflection from multiple reflectors, causes the variations of mean SLR residuals of up to 15 mm between the observations at nadir angles of 0\(^{\circ }\) and 14\(^{\circ }\). in case of multi-photon SLR stations. For single-photon SLR stations this effect does not exceed 1?mm. When using the new empirical CODE orbit model (ECOM), the SLR mean residual falls into the range 0.1-.8?mm for high-performing single-photon SLR stations observing GLONASS-M satellites with uncoated corner cubes. For best-performing multi-photon stations the mean SLR residuals are between \(-12.2\) and \(-25.6\)?mm due to the satellite signature effect.