Investigating Root Density of Plum and Apple Trees Grafted on Low-Vigor Rootstocks to Improve Orchard Management

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• 作者：Cristian Paltineanu ; Silvia Nicolae ; Nicolae Tanasescu ; Emil Chitu…
• 关键词：Apple ; Plum ; Rootstock ; Root distribution ; Course and medium textured soils ; Trench method
• 刊名：Erwerbs-Obstbau
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：March 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：59
• 期：1
• 页码：29-37
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Agriculture; Plant Sciences;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1439-0302
• 卷排序：59

文摘

Plum and apple trees are the most widely spread fruit trees in south-eastern Europe. The main purpose of this paper is to characterize the spatial distribution of roots in medium and course textured soils to improve orchard management. ’Stanley’ plum cultivar grafted on Saint Julien A semi-dwarf rootstock and ’Topaz’ apple cultivar grafted on M.9 dwarf rootstock were studied in a temperate climate and medium and course textured soils. The trench technique was used. There was an intense concentration of roots near the trees and the roots did not occupy the whole soil space between tree rows. The finest tree roots in both species were prevalent. Root density was higher in tree rows versus inter-rows. Both the inter-row and in-row distances can be reduced to increase tree density if light penetration into canopy is sufficient. When a full irrigation regime is applied, a soil depth of 0.8 m would be sufficient for water application, and soil depths of 0.4 to 0.6 m would be recommended for deficit irrigation; water and fertilizers should only be applied over the surface area covering most of the roots. When a more strict control on root activity is desired, the tree roots could be cut vertically at 0.5–0.8 m distance from tree rows. The results could also be used in regions and countries with similar soil texture and climate conditions.