文摘
Typical ionic salts such as NaCl have high melting point. However, different from the classical salt, some newly developed molten salts are liquids even at room temperature. They form a new class of chemical compounds, and are now called the room-temperature ionic liquids (RTIL) or simply ionic liquids (ILs). Typical ILs of interest are salts each of which is constituted by an organic cation and an inorganic anion, and their melting points are below or near the room temperature [1–4]. Sometimes they are defined by the melting point <100 °C. Recently, the term “ionic liquids” might be used to include traditional “molten salts” with higher melting points and is distinguished from “room temperature ionic liquids” in that case.