A TME study with the fungicide pyrimethanil combined with different moisture regimes: effects on enchytraeids

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• 作者：Cornelia Bandow ; Ee Ling Ng ; Rüdiger M. Schmelz ; José Paulo Sousa…
• 关键词：Pesticide ; Mesocosm ; Semi ; field ; Oligochaeta ; Multivariate analysis ; Climate change
• 刊名：Ecotoxicology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：25
• 期：1
• 页码：213-224
• 全文大小：866 KB
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• 作者单位：Cornelia Bandow (1) (2) (3)
  Ee Ling Ng (4)
  Rüdiger M. Schmelz (2) (5)
  José Paulo Sousa (6)
  Jörg Römbke (1) (2)
  
  1. LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre BiK-F, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany
  2. ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstrasse 2-14, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany
  3. Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
  4. Future Soils Laboratory, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  5. Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Science Faculty, University of A Coruña, Coruña, Spain
  6. CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
  Ecology
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-3017

文摘

Today’s ecosystems are influenced by different factors that could evolve into stressors. Effects of pesticides, especially in agricultural areas, may interact with environmental factors, such as soil moisture fluctuation caused by global climate change. In this contribution, two semi-field studies conducted in Germany and Portugal with terrestrial model ecosystems are presented. Their aim was to assess the effects of the fungicide pyrimethanil under different soil moisture levels on Enchytraeidae. In Portugal a no observed effect concentration design was chosen, using two concentration levels: the maximum application rate (MAR) according to the safe use registration within the European Union and five times the MAR (1.82 and 9.09 mg/kg dry soil, respectively). Both concentrations did neither affect the total enchytraeid abundance nor single populations. In Germany an EC_x design (effect concentration) was conducted, using 11 concentrations. In general, 14 EC₅₀ values for different combinations of single species, moisture level and sampling date were determined. The strongest effects were found in dry soil, particularly for Fridericia connata (EC₅₀: 3.48 mg/kg dry soil after 8 weeks of exposure). The advantages and challenges of these test designs are discussed with regard to the registration process of pesticides in the European Union. In any case, enchytraeids are suitable test organisms in such higher tier studies for the combined evaluation of chemical and climatic stressors due to their usually high diversity and abundances and their close contact with the soil solution.