Distinctive encoding reduces the Jacoby—Whitehouse illusion

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• 作者：David A. Gallo (1)
  David H. Perlmutter (2)
  Christopher D. Moore (3)
  Daniel L. Schacter (2)
  
• 刊名：Memory & Cognition
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：March 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：36
• 期：2
• 页码：461-466
• 全文大小：294KB
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• 作者单位：David A. Gallo (1)
  David H. Perlmutter (2)
  Christopher D. Moore (3)
  Daniel L. Schacter (2)
  
  1. Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 S. University Ave, 60637, Chicago, IL
  2. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
  3. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
  

文摘

We investigated the influence of distinctive encoding on the Jacoby and Whitehouse (1989) illusion. Subjects studied visually presented words that were associated with either an auditory presentation of the same word (nondistinctive encoding) or a picture of the object (distinctive encoding). In both conditions, words were visually presented on the recognition test, and half were preceded by brief repetition primes. Priming test items increased hits and false alarms in the auditory condition, demonstrating the Jacoby—Whitehouse illusion. This illusion was reduced in the picture condition. In order to test whether this distinctiveness effect was caused by a recollectionbased response strategy (i.e., the distinctiveness heuristic), we minimized recollection-based responding by having subjects make speeded recognition decisions. Contrary to the distinctiveness heuristic hypothesis, speeded responding did not eliminate the distinctiveness effect on the Jacoby—Whitehouse illusion. Picture encoding may reduce this illusion via a shift in preretrieval orientation, as opposed to a postretrieval editing process.