Principal component and multivariate statistical approach for evaluation of hydrochemical characterization of fluoride-rich groundwater of Shaslar Vagu watershed, Nalgonda District, India

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• 作者：M. Sudheer Kumar ; Ratnakar Dhakate ; G. Yadagiri…
• 关键词：Factor analyses (FA) ; Cluster analyses (CA) ; Principal component analyses (PCA) ; Fluoride and hydrochemistry
• 刊名：Arabian Journal of Geosciences
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：10
• 期：4
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-7538
• 卷排序：10

文摘

In order to assess the impact of fluoride-rich groundwater of Shasilair Vagu watershed on groundwater regime, more than hundred groundwater samples for pre- and post-monsoon seasons were collected from bore wells/dug wells and analyzed for major ions. Water quality analysis of major ion chemistry shows elevated concentration of fluoride in groundwater samples. The fluoride concentration ranges from 1.4 to 5.9 mg/l and 1.5 to 5.8 mg/l in pre- and post-monsoons, respectively. The result clearly shows that the seasonal variation of fluoride in groundwater is due to recharge of rain water during monsoon. The water quality data was analyzed by hydrochemical facies (Piper diagram), Gibbs plot, and various plots. Plots of Na versus Cl, Ca versus SO₄, and (Na+Cl)-(SO₄+HCO₃) versus (Na+K-Cl) shows positive and negative values, indicating that their source of high concentration are aquifer, evapotranpiration, and other anthropogenic sources. Saturation index of halite and gypsum shows that all groundwater samples were undersaturated and suggests that carbonate minerals influence the concentration. Using multivariate statistical techniques, viz., principal component (factor analysis and cluster analysis), the analysis brought out impact of intensity of excess use of fertilizers and excess withdrawal of groundwater regime. Multivariate statistical techniques are potential tools and provide greater precision for identifying contaminant parameter linkages.