文摘
Organic and hybrid bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells are investigated. We describe the synthesis and solar cell characteristics of well-defined functional thiophene dendrimers. Three-dimensional morphologies of the polymer–metal oxide BHJs are analyzed with electron tomography and stochastic models, and are simulated with the latter, to establish the effect of processing on morphology. Device models based on stochastically simulated data of morphologies and transport parameters are used to provide accurate descriptions of solar cell performance.