Geographic distribution of archaeological sites and their response to climate and environmental change between 10.0᾿.8 ka BP in the Poyang Lake Basin, China

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• 作者：Jiajia Xu ; Yulian Jia ; Chunmei Ma ; Cheng Zhu ; Li Wu…
• 关键词：Poyang Lake Basin ; archaeological sites ; temporal ; spatial distribution ; climate and environmental change ; Shang and Zhou dynasties
• 刊名：Journal of Geographical Sciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：26
• 期：5
• 页码：603-618
• 全文大小：1,113 KB
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• 作者单位：Jiajia Xu (1) (2)
  Yulian Jia (2)
  Chunmei Ma (1)
  Cheng Zhu (1)
  Li Wu (3)
  Yuyuan Li (4)
  Xinhao Wang (5)
  
  1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
  2. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education; School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
  3. College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
  4. Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Nanchang, 330003, China
  5. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
  
• 刊物主题：Physical Geography; Nature Conservation; Geographical Information Systems/Cartography; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1861-9568

文摘

The temporal-spatial geographic distribution of archaeological sites and its feature between 10.0–2.8 ka BP (ka BP= thousands of years before 0 BP, where “0 BP” is defined as the year AD 1950) were determined, based on GIS spatial analysis in the Poyang Lake Basin. The relationship between geographic distribution of sites of different periods under subsistence existence of ancient civilizations, climate and environmental change was investigated. The results revealed numerous archaeological sites of the Neolithic Age (10.0–3.6 ka BP). The sites were mainly located in the northern part of the Poyang Lake Basin, a hilly and mountainous area with many river terraces suitable for the development of human civilization. The number of archaeological sites rapidly increased during the Shang and Zhou dynasties (3.6–2.8 ka BP) and spread widely on the floodplains of the middle and lower reaches of Ganjiang River and onto the west, south, and southeast beach areas of the Poyang Lake. Holocene records of climate change suggested that it was possible that climate fluctuations had a great impact on human evolution in the study area. Before 3.6 ka BP, westward and northward expansion of Neolithic cultures in the Poyang Lake watershed occurred under the background of climate amelioration (becoming warmer and wetter). The ancient people lived in the hilly areas with high elevation. The simple mode of a fishing and gathering economy was mostly suited to this area in the early Neolithic Age. The scope of human activities was expanded and cultural diversity developed in the late Neolithic Age. However, with population growth and increasing survival pressure in a dry-cold climatic stage after 3.6 ka BP, this simple living mode had to be abandoned, and various forms of economy, the majority being agriculture, were developed on flood plains of the lower reaches of numerous rivers around Poyang Lake. This promoted flourishing of the Bronze culture of South China.