Marine biomarkers deposited on coastal land by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami

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• 作者：Tetsuya Shinozaki ; Shigehiro Fujino ; Minoru Ikehara ; Yuki Sawai…
• 关键词：2011 Tohoku ; oki tsunami ; Biomarker ; Hydrocarbon ; Dinosterol ; Northeast Japan ; Tsunami deposits
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：May 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：77
• 期：1
• 页码：445-460
• 全文大小：1,731 KB
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  17. Goto, K, Sugawara, D, Ikema, S, Mi
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840

文摘

To determine how and what kind of marine-sourced biomarkers are transported and deposited on land by tsunami, we collected and analyzed samples of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami deposits and the underlying and overlying soil at Sendai and Odaka, in northeast Japan. Characteristic hydrocarbons, such as short-chain n-alkanes, pristane, and phytane, were detected only in soil layers 0-?cm below the tsunami deposits at both sites. Dinosterol originated from dinoflagellates was detected in a mud layer overlying sand deposits in Odaka. Such characteristic biomarkers were not detected in soil layers deeper than 2?cm beneath the tsunami deposits at either site, and none was found in the surface soil layer overlying the tsunami deposit in Odaka. Therefore, it is probable that the biomarkers were transported and deposited by the tsunami. The sand layer was highly permeable and low in clay or organic matter to which biomarkers could bind. Any biomarkers deposited with the sand probably leached into the underlying soil or were found in sediments richer in clay and organic matter such as tsunamigenic mud. Sediment samples were collected more than 2?years after the tsunami, indicating that the marine-sourced biomarkers were preserved for at least 2?years in the soil. In addition, a comparative analysis of sediment samples collected earlier indicated that characteristic biomarkers did not remain in the sand layer 3?months after the tsunami. These findings show the potential of using biomarkers as proxies to identify marine-sourced deposits on coastal land.