Islam, Assisted Reproduction, and the Bioethical Aftermath

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• 作者：Marcia C. Inhorn ; Soraya Tremayne
• 关键词：Islam ; Sunni ; Shia ; Islamic bioethics ; Assisted reproduction ; Assisted reproductive technologies ; Third ; party reproductive assistance ; Egg donation ; Sperm donation ; Sex selection ; Fetal reduction ; Iran ; Lebanon
• 刊名：Journal of Religion and Health
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：55
• 期：2
• 页码：422-430
• 全文大小：348 KB
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• 作者单位：Marcia C. Inhorn (1)
  Soraya Tremayne (2)
  
  1. Anthropology and International Affairs, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
  2. Institute for Social and Cultural Anthropology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
  
• 刊物类别：Behavioral Science
• 刊物主题：Psychology
  Clinical Psychology
  Religious Studies
  Public Health
  Aging
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-6571

文摘

Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), including in vitro fertilization to overcome infertility, are now widely available across the Middle East. Islamic fatwas emerging from the Sunni Islamic countries have permitted many ARTs, while prohibiting others. However, recent religious rulings emanating from Shia Muslim-dominant Iran have created unique avenues for infertile Muslim couples to obtain donor gametes through third-party reproductive assistance. The opening of Iran to gamete donation has had major impacts in Shia-dominant Lebanon and has led to so-called reproductive tourism of Sunni Muslim couples who are searching for donor gametes across national and international borders. This paper explores the “bioethical aftermath” of donor technologies in the Muslim Middle East. Other unexpected outcomes include new forms of sex selection and fetal “reduction.” In general, assisted reproduction in the Muslim world has been a key site for understanding how emerging biomedical technologies are generating new Islamic bioethical discourses and local moral responses, as ARTs are used in novel and unexpected ways.