Innate prey preference overridden by familiarisation with detrimental prey in a specialised myrmecophagous predator

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• 作者：Stano Pekár ; Manuel Cárdenas
• 关键词：Myrmecophagy ; Chemical stimuli ; Fitness ; Imprinting ; Olfaction
• 刊名：Naturwissenschaften
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：102
• 期：1-2
• 全文大小：873 KB
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• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Life Sciences
  Environment
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1904

文摘

Prey-specialised spiders often do not have brood care and may not deposit eggs in the proximity of the preferred prey. Thus, na?ve spiderlings are left to their own to find their focal prey. Our aim was to reveal whether the choice of a specific prey is innate and whether familiarisation with a certain prey will condition prey choice. We used the myrmecophagous spider Euryopis episinoides, which specialises on Messor ants. It finds ants using chemical cues deposited on the substrate. Na?ve spiderlings were offered chemical cues from Messor and Myrmica ants and Drosophila flies. They chose significantly more chemical cues from Messor ants than those from Drosophila flies. Then spiderlings were assigned to three prey treatments: fed with Messor ants only (optimal prey), fed with Myrmica ants only (suboptimal prey) or fed with Drosophila flies only (detrimental prey) until adulthood. Every 2?weeks, all spiders from all treatments were offered chemical cues from the three prey types and the frequency of choice and latency to assuming a posture were recorded. Experienced spiderlings preferred chemical cues from the prey in which they were raised. They suffered high mortality on Drosophila flies and attained largest size on the optimal prey. We show here that majority of spiderlings are born with an innate preference to their focal prey, which can be altered by familiarisation with alternative prey, irrespective of whether such a prey is beneficial.