The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAMs) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: is continued use safe and effective?

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• 作者：Arjuna B Medagama (1)
  Ruwanthi Bandara (2)
  
  1. Department of Medicine ; University of Peradeniya ; Peradeniya ; Sri Lanka
  2. Professorial Medical unit ; Teaching Hospital Peradeniya ; Peradeniya ; Sri Lanka
  
• 关键词：Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia ; Cinnamomum zeylanicum) ; Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) ; Crepe ginger (Costus speciosus) ; Ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis) ; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum ; graecum)
• 刊名：Nutrition Journal
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：13
• 期：1
• 全文大小：328 KB
• 参考文献：1. World Health Organization: / WHO Diabetes Fact Sheet No 312. available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets. 2013 0ctober
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• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Nutrition
  Clinical Nutrition
  
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1475-2891

文摘

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a prevalence of 347 million in 2013. Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) are a group of remedies that is fast gaining acceptance among individuals. Cinnamon, Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) are 3 widely used CAMs used worldwide for the treatment of diabetes. Data on safety and efficacy is limited, but the consumption is wide. Crepe ginger (Costus speciosus) and Ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis) are 2 plants used widely in the Asian region for their presumed hypoglycaemic properties. Objective In this review, we analyzed the available evidence for the 5 CAMs mentioned above in terms of in-vitro studies, animal studies sand clinical trials. We also describe the mechanisms of hypoglycaemia and safety concerns where there is available evidence. Results and conclusions Clinical trials that studied the hypoglycaemic effects of Cinnamon, bitter gourd, fenugreek and ivy gourd showed conflicting results. Direct comparison between studies remains a challenge in view of the baseline heterogeneity of subjects, differences in substrate preparation, variable end points and poor trial design. Short durations of study and small number of subjects studied is universal. Crepe ginger has not been studied adequately in humans to draw conclusions. In view of the high prevalence of use and safety and efficacy issues, there is an urgent need to study their hypoglycaemic and adverse effects in well-designed long-term clinical trials.