Stomatal distribution patterns change according to leaf development and leaf water status in Salix miyabeana

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• 作者：Mario Fontana ; Michel Labrecque ; Alexandre Collin…
• 关键词：Amphistomy ; Hypostomy ; Leaf area ; Conductance ; Stomatal density ; Willow
• 刊名：Plant Growth Regulation
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：81
• 期：1
• 页码：63-70
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Plant Sciences; Plant Anatomy/Development; Plant Physiology; Agriculture;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-5087
• 卷排序：81

文摘

Salix is a pioneer woody plant genus characterized by a strong plasticity in leaf morphology. The aims of this paper were to determine stomatal distribution (1) in mature leaves in response to environmental conditions, and (2) during leaf development. Stomata of abaxial and adaxial faces of mature leaves of Salix miyabeana SX67 (cultivated in short rotation coppice) were analyzed at the end of summer 2012 and 2013 at six locations in Quebec, Canada. Within each site and across the two growing seasons, stomatal density of abaxial faces was diluted by an increase in area of mature leaves due to higher rainfall. For shrubs with more than one growing season, stomatal density of abaxial faces was affected by annual rainfall, independently of site, whereas leaf area was predominantly influenced by site but was also modulated in part by rainfall. The number of stomata per leaf was site-specific, independently of rainfall. These leaves were mainly hypostomatic, although those collected on shrubs during their first growing season after coppicing (i.e. with a high root:shoot ratio) were amphistomatic. Similarly, at early development stages (surface area <2.8 cm2), leaves were amphistomatic, whereas stomata on adaxial faces of larger leaves were occluded. Nevertheless, stomatal conductance of abaxial faces increased with leaf area, whereas stomatal density was best described by a quadratic relationship. This strategy allows for a maximum uptake of carbon while limiting water loss during leaf development and to adapt the morphology of mature leaves depending on moisture and site conditions.