Impacts of climate change on biodiversity in Israel: an expert assessment approach

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• 作者：Marcelo Sternberg ; Ofri Gabay ; Dror Angel ; Orit Barneah…
• 关键词：Adaptation ; Connectivity ; Freshwater ecosystems ; Marine ecosystems ; Protected corridors ; Terrestrial ecosystems
• 刊名：Regional Environmental Change
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：15
• 期：5
• 页码：895-906
• 全文大小：729 KB
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• 作者单位：Marcelo Sternberg (1)
  Ofri Gabay (1)
  Dror Angel (2)
  Orit Barneah (3)
  Sarig Gafny (3)
  Avital Gasith (4)
  Jos茅 M. Gr眉nzweig (5)
  Yaron Hershkovitz (4)
  Alvaro Israel (6)
  Dana Milstein (7)
  Gil Rilov (6)
  Yosef Steinberger (8)
  Tamar Zohary (9)
  
  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
  2. Department of Maritime Civilizations, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
  3. School of Marine Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
  4. Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  5. Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
  6. National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
  7. Science Division, Nature and Parks Authority, Jerusalem, Israel
  8. Mina and Edward Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
  9. Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Migdal, Israel
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Geoecology and Natural Processes
  Geology
  Oceanography
  Geography
  Nature Conservation
  Regional Science
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1436-378X

文摘

The Mediterranean region is both a global biodiversity hot spot and one of the biomes most strongly affected by human activities. Ecologists and land managers are increasingly required to advise on threats to biodiversity under foreseeable climate change. We used expert surveys to evaluate current understanding and uncertainties regarding climate change impacts on biodiversity in terrestrial, inland freshwater, and marine ecosystems of Israel. Finally, we propose a response strategy toward minimizing these changes. The surveys and the published literature indicated that the main climate change impacts in Israel include ongoing deterioration of freshwater habitats, decline of shrubland and woodland areas, and increased frequency and severity of forest fires. For the Mediterranean Sea, the surveys predict further introduction and establishment of invasive species from the Red Sea, accelerated erosion of coastal rocky habitat, and collapse of coastal rocky platforms. In the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, corals may be resilient to foreseen climate change due to their high tolerance for rising water temperatures. Despite these predictions, science-based knowledge regarding the contribution of management toward minimizing climate change impacts on biodiversity is still lacking. Habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation are presently the primary and immediate threats to natural ecosystems in Israel. Protection of natural ecosystems, including local refugia, must be intensified to maintain existing biodiversity under pressure from mounting urban development and climate change. This protection policy should include ecological corridors to minimize the consequences of fragmentation of existing natural habitats for species survival. A longer-term strategy should mandate connectivity across environmental and climatic gradients to maintain natural resilience by allowing reorganization of natural ecosystems facing climate change.