Ecological carryover effects complicate conservation

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• 作者：Constance M. O’Connor ; Steven J. Cooke
• 关键词：Stress ; Fisheries ; Wildlife ; Management ; Latent effect ; Delayed effect
• 刊名：AMBIO
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：44
• 期：6
• 页码：582-591
• 全文大小：738 KB
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• 作者单位：Constance M. O’Connor (1)
  Steven J. Cooke (2)
  
  1. Aquatic Behavioural Ecology Lab, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
  2. Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Lab, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1654-7209

文摘

Ecological carryover effects occur when an individual’s previous history and experiences explain their current performance. It is becoming clear that ecological carryover effects are a common phenomenon across taxa, and have the potential to play an important role in governing individual fitness and population dynamics. Carryover effects may reduce the success of conservation efforts aimed at slowing or reversing biodiversity loss. Failure to consider carryover effects might lead to erroneous conclusions about the effectiveness of conservation measures. We suggest that carryover effects are considered explicitly in threat assessment and conservation planning, in order to understand the long-term consequences of stressors, target efforts more effectively, and ensure that the success or failure of conservation efforts is tracked more accurately. We encourage proactive research focused on the proximate mechanisms underlying carryover effects, so that predictive measures of carryover effects in wild populations can be developed and refined. Finally, we suggest that in some cases, positive carryover effects could be exploited for conservation benefit. We conclude that the failure to consider carryover effects in conservation science and practice may put imperiled populations at further risk. Keywords Stress Fisheries Wildlife Management Latent effect Delayed effect