The use of macrocyclic polyethers for promoting the dry cleaning of the surface from radionuclides

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• 作者：I. V. Kumpanenko (1)
  A. V. Roshchin (1)
  N. A. Ivanova (1)
  V. S. Grigoriev (2)
  I. D. Epinatiev (1)
  A. V. Bloshenko (1)
  A. E. Goncharova (1)
  
  1. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics ; Russian Academy of Sciences ; Moscow ; Russia
  2. GOSNITI Research Institute ; Russian Agricultural Academy ; Moscow ; Russia
  
• 关键词：deactivation ; radionuclides ; polymer films ; extraction crown ethers
• 刊名：Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Focus on Physics
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：9
• 期：1
• 页码：132-140
• 全文大小：774 KB
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• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Physical Chemistry
  Russian Library of Science
  
• 出版者：MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica distributed exclusively by Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
• ISSN：1990-7923

文摘

The cleaning of the stainless steel surface from 137Cs and 90Sr ions was studied by the peelable polymer film method. An extracting solution of polyvinylbutyral in dioxane containing various crown ether additions to increase the efficiency of extraction was spread over the surface. A polymer film formed on the surface as a result of solvent evaporation from the extracting solution. After the extraction, the polymer film containing radionuclides was removed and utilized. The extraction of 137Cs and 90Sr ions from neutral aqueous solutions with AN-221 and AN-511 anionites modified with crown ethers was studied. The distribution coefficients were shown to increase in the series 12-crown-4 137Cs and in the series 15-crown-5 90Sr. The structural characteristics of the Cs and Sr complexes with crown ethers taken from the Cambridge Structural Database (2013 Release) were compared with the data on the extraction of 137Cs and 90Sr ions from aqueous solutions. The distances between the two complexing atoms (O-Cs or O-Sr) decreased as the corresponding distribution coefficients increased. The dependences of the residual radioactivity (137Cs and 90Sr) on the number of depositions/removals of the polymer film on/from the surface were measured for different crown ethers. When crown ethers were added to the extracting solution (polymer film), the efficiency of decontamination increased by two orders of magnitude. The most effective additions were dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 and 15-crown-5 for 137Cs and 12-crown-4 for 90Sr. After three treatments of the surface with solutions (polymer films) with these additions, its radioactivity was close to background.