Patterns in Larval Fish Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution in Temperate South African Estuaries

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：N. A. Strydom (1)
  
  1. Zoology Department ; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University ; P.O. Box 77000 ; Port Elizabeth ; 6031 ; South Africa
  
• 关键词：Fish nursery ; Feeding ; Mesohaline zone ; Larval assemblage ; Plankton ; Estuary resident species ; Estuary ; dependent species
• 刊名：Estuaries and Coasts
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：38
• 期：1
• 页码：268-284
• 全文大小：666 KB
• 参考文献：1. Baird, Dl., M.M. Hanekom, and J.R. Grindley. 1986. Estuaries of the Cape. Part II: Synopsis of available information on individual systems. Rep. No. 23: Swartkops CSE3, (eds) A.E.F. Heydorn, and J.R. Grindley. / CSIR Research Report 422, Stellenbosch, South Africa. 82pp.
  2. Barletta-Bergan, A., M. Barletta, and U. Saint-Paul. 2002. Structure and seasonal dynamics of larval fish in the Caet茅 River Estuary in north Brazil. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 54: 193鈥?06. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0842" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  3. Beckley, L.E. 1985. Tidal exchange of ichthyoplankton in the Swartkops Estuary mouth, South Africa. / South African Journal of Zoology 20: 15鈥?0.
  4. Boehlert, G.W., and B.C. Mundy. 1988. Roles of behavioural and physical factors in larval and juvenile fish recruitment to estuarine nursery areas. / American Fisheries Society Symposium 3: 51鈥?7.
  5. Brownell, C.L. 1979. Stages in the early development of 40 marine fish species with pelagic eggs from the Cape of Good Hope. / Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 40: 1鈥?4.
  6. Clarke, K.R., and R.M. Warwick. 1994. / Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Plymouth: Plymouth Marine Laboratory. 144pp.
  7. Cowley, P.D., A.K. Whitfield, and K.N.I. Bell. 2001. The surf zone ichthyoplankton adjacent to the mouth of a predominantly closed Southern African Estuary, with evidence of recruitment during marine overwash events. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 52: 339鈥?48. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2000.0710" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  8. Dawes, C.J. 1981. / Marine botany, 306鈥?09. New York: Wiley.
  9. Dundas, A. 1994. A comparative analysis of fish abundance and diversity in three semi-closed estuaries in the Eastern Cape. M.Sc. thesis, Univeristy of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. 81 pp.
  10. Elliott, M., and A.K. Whitfield. 2011. Challenging paradigms in estuarine ecology and management. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 94: 306鈥?14. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.06.016" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  11. Elliott, M., A.K. Whitfield, I.C. Potter, S.J.M. Blaber, D.P. Cyrus, F.G. Nordlie, and T.D. Harrison. 2007. The guild approach to categorizing estuarine fish assemblages: a global review. / Fish and Fisheries 8: 241鈥?68. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2679.2007.00253.x" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  12. Harris, S.A., and D.P. Cyrus. 2000. Comparison of larval fish assemblages in three large estuarine systems, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. / Marine Biology 137: 527鈥?41. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000356" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  13. Harris, S.A., D.P. Cyrus, and A.T. Forbes. 1995. The larval fish assemblage at the mouth of the Kosi Estuary, KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa. / South African Journal of Marine Science 16: 351鈥?64. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776195784156412" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  14. Harrison, T.D., and A.K. Whitfield. 1990. Composition, distribution and abundance of ichthyoplankton in the Sundays River estuary. / South African Journal of Zoology 5: 161鈥?68.
  15. Hilmer, T., and G.C. Bate. 1990. Covariance analysis of chlorophyll distribution in the Sundays River estuary, Eastern Cape. / Southern African Journal of Aquatic Science 16: 37鈥?9. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10183469.1990.10557366" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  16. Jerling, H.L., and T.H. Wooldridge. 1991. Population dynamics and estimates of production for the calanoid copepod / Pseudodiaptomus hessei in a warm temperate estuary. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 33: 121鈥?35. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(91)90002-S" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  17. Kemp, W.M., and W.R. Boynton. 2012. Synthesis in estuarine and coastal ecological research: what is it, why is it important, and how do we teach it? / Estuaries and Coasts 35: 1鈥?2. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-011-9464-9" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  18. Kendall, A.W., E.H. Ahlstom, and H.G. Moser. 1984. Early life history stages of fishes and their characters. pp 11-22. In: / Ontogeny and systematics of fishes, (eds) H.G., Moser, W.J. Richards, D.M. Cohen, M.P. Fahay, A.W. Kendall and S.L. Richardson. Special Publication of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, 1.
  19. Kruger, M. And, and N.A. Strydom. 2010. Spatial and temporal variability in the larval fish assemblage of a warm temperate South African Estuary, with notes on the effects of artificial channelling. / African Zoology 45(2): 195鈥?12. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.045.0221" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  20. Kruger, M., and N.A. Strydom. 2011. Plankton dynamics associated with the convergence zone of a shear front in the permanently open Kowie Estuary, South Africa. / African Zoology 46(1): 47鈥?9. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.046.0117" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  21. Leis, J.M., and B.M. Carson-Ewart. 2000. / The larvae of Indo-Pacific coastal fishes: a guide to identification (Fauna Malesiana Handbook 2). Leiden: Brill. 850聽pp.
  22. Lubke, R., and I. De Moor (eds.). 1998. / Field guide to the eastern and southern Cape coasts. Cape Town: University of Cape Town Press. 559pp.
  23. Marais, J.F.K. 1988. Some factors that influence fish abundance in South African estuaries. / South African Journal of Marine Science 6: 67鈥?7. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776188784480609" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  24. Melville-Smith, R. 1981. The ichthyoplankton of the Kromme River Estuary. / South African Journal of Zoology 16: 71鈥?2.
  25. Melville-Smith, R., and D. Baird. 1980. Abundance, distribution and species composition of fish larvae in the Swartkops Estuary. / South African Journal of Zoology 15: 72鈥?8.
  26. Melville-Smith, R., D. Baird, and T.H. Wooldridge. 1981. The utilisation of tidal currents by the larvae of an estuarine fish. / South African Journal of Zoology 16: 10鈥?3.
  27. Montoya-Maya, P., and N.A. Strydom. 2009. A description of larval fish composition, abundance and distribution in nine south and west coast estuaries of South Africa. / African Zoology 44(1): 75鈥?2. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.044.0108" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  28. Moser, H.G., W.J. Richards, D.M. Cohen, M.P. Fahay, A.W. Kendall, and S.L. Richardson. 1984. / Ontogeny and Systematics of Fishes. Special Publication of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, 1. 760pp.
  29. Neira, F.J., I.Cl. Potter, and J.S. Bradley. 1992. Seasonal and spatial changes in the larval fish fauna within a large temperate Australian Estuary. / Marine Biology 112: 1鈥?6. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349721" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  30. Neira, F.J., A.G. Miskiewicz, and T. Trnski. 1998. / Larvae of temperate Australian fishes. Laboratory guide for larval fish identification. Nedlands: University of Western Australia Press. 474 pp.
  31. Olivar, M.P., and J.M. Fortu帽o. 1991. Guide to ichthyoplankton of the south east Atlantic (Benguela Current Region). / Scientia Marina 55: 1鈥?83.
  32. Olney, J.E., and G.W. Boehlert. 1988. Nearshore ichthyoplankton associated with seagrass beds in the lower Chesapeake Bay. / Marine Ecology Progress Series 45: 33鈥?3. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps045033" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  33. Pattrick, P., and N.A. Strydom. 2008. Composition, abundance, distribution and seasonality of larval fishes in the shallow nearshore of Algoa Bay, South Africa. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 79(2): 251鈥?62.
  34. Potter, I.C., L.E. Beckley, A.K. Whitfield, and R.C.J. Lenanton. 1990. Comparisons between the roles played by estuaries in the life cycles of fishes in temperate Western Australia and southern Africa. / Environmental Biology of Fishes 28: 143鈥?78. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751033" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  35. Smith, M.M., and P.C. Heemstra. 1995. / Smiths鈥?sea fishes. Johannesburg. xx +: Macmillan. 1047 pp.
  36. Snow, G.C., J.B. Adams, and G.C. Bate. 2000. Effect of river flow on estuarine microalgal biomass and distribution. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 51: 255鈥?66. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2000.0638" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  37. Strydom, N.A. 1998. Fish larval dynamics in the mouth region of the Gamtoos Estuary. M.Sc. thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth. 104 pp.
  38. Strydom, N.A. 2003. An assessment of habitat use by larval fishes in a warm temperate estuarine creek using light traps. / Estuaries 26(5): 1310鈥?318. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02803633" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  39. Strydom, N.A., and F.J. Neira. 2006. Description and ecology of larvae / Glossogobiuscallidus and / Redigobius dewaali (Gobiidae) from temperate South African estuaries. / African Zoology 41: 240鈥?51. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/1562-7020(2006)41[240:DAEOLO]2.0.CO;2" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  40. Strydom, N.A., and A.K. Whitfield. 2000. The effects of a single freshwater release into the Kromme Estuary. 4: Larval fish response. / Water SA 26: 319鈥?28.
  41. Strydom, N.A., and T.H. Wooldridge. 2005. Diel and tidal variations in larval fish exchange in the mouth region of the Gamtoos Estuary, South Africa. / African Journal of Aquatic Science 30(2): 131鈥?40. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085910509503847" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  42. Strydom, N.A., A.K. Whitfield, and A.W. Paterson. 2002. Influence of altered freshwater flow regimes on abundance of larval and juvenile / Gilchristella aestuaria (Pisces: Clupeidae) in the upper reaches of two South African estuaries. / Marine and Freshwater Research 53: 431鈥?38. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF01077" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  43. Strydom, N.A., A.K. Whitfield, and T.H. Wooldridge. 2003. The role of estuarine type in characterizing early stage fish assemblages in warm temperate estuaries, South Africa. / African Zoology 38(1): 29鈥?3.
  44. Sutherland, K., N.A. Strydom, and T.H. Wooldridge. 2012. Spatial and temporal variability in the larval fish assemblage in the Sundays Estuary, South Africa. / African Zoology 47(2): 229鈥?44. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.047.0220" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  45. Vorwerk, P.D. 2000. Ichthyofaunal community structures in different types of Eastern Cape estuaries. M.Sc. thesis, Rhodes University. 145 pp.
  46. Wasserman, R.J., and N.A. Strydom. 2011. The importance of estuary headwaters as nursery areas for young estuary- and marine-spawned fishes in temperate South Africa. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 94: 56鈥?7. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.05.023" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  47. Wasserman, R.J., N.A. Strydom, and T.H. Wooldridge. 2010. Larval fish dynamics in the Nxaxo-Ngqusi Estuary Complex in the warm temperate-subtropical transition zone of South Africa. / African Zoology 45(1): 63鈥?7. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.045.0102" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  48. Weyl, O.L.F., and H. Lewis. 2006. First record of predation by the alien invasive freshwater fish / Micropterus salmoides L. (Centrarchidae) on migrating estuarine fishes in South Africa. / African Zoology 41(2): 294鈥?96. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/1562-7020(2006)41[294:FROPBT]2.0.CO;2" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  49. Whitfield, A.K. 1989a. Fish larval composition, abundance and seasonality in a southern African estuarine lake. / South African Journal of Zoology 24: 217鈥?24.
  50. Whitfield, A.K. 1989b. Ichthyoplankton interchange in the mouth region of a southern African estuary. / Marine Ecology Progress Series 54: 25鈥?3. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps054025" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  51. Whitfield, A.K. 1994a. Abundance of larval and 0+ juvenile marine fishes in the lower reaches of three southern African estuaries with differing freshwater inputs. / Marine Ecology Progress Series 105: 257鈥?67. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps105257" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  52. Whitfield, A.K. 1994b. Fish species diversity in southern African estuarine systems: an evolutionary perspective. / Environmental Biology of Fishes 40: 37鈥?8. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002181" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  53. Whitfield, A.K. 1998. / Biology and ecology of fishes in South African estuaries. Ichthyological Monographs of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, No. 2. 223 pp.
  54. Whitfield, A.K. 1999. Ichthyofaunal assemblages in estuaries: A South African case study. / Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 9: 151鈥?86. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008994405375" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  55. Whitfield, A.K. 2000. / Available scientific information on individual South African estuarine systems. Water Research Commission Report No. 557/3/00. 217 pp.
  56. Whitfield, A., and M. Elliot. 2011. Ecosystem and biotic classifications of estuaries and coasts. / Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science 1: 99鈥?24. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374711-2.00108-X" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  57. Whitfield, A.K., and J.F.K. Marais. 1999. The Ichthyofauna. In / Estuaries of South Africa, ed. B.R. Allanson and D. Baird, 209鈥?33. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511525490.009" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  58. Whitfield, A.K., M. Elliott, S. Basset, S.J.M. Blaber, and R.J. West. 2012. Paradigms in estuarine ecology鈥攁 review of the Remane diagram with a suggested revised model for estuaries. / Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 97: 78鈥?0. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2011.11.026" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  59. Witting, D.A., K.W. Able, and M.P. Fahay. 1999. Larval fishes of a Middle Atlantic Bight estuary: assemblage structure and temporal stability. / Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56: 222鈥?30. <a class="external" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-175" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRefa>
  60. Wooldridge, T.H., and C. Bailey. 1982. Euryhaline zooplankton of the Sunday estuary and notes on trophic relationships. / South African Journal of Zoology 17: 151鈥?63.
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Ecology
  Geosciences
  Environmental Management
  Nature Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1559-2731

文摘

Estuaries are important nursery areas for fishes worldwide but large-scale studies of spatial patterns of use are lacking. This study presents data on larval fish diversity, abundance and distribution within and among a range of temperate estuary types, spanning 25 systems sampled from 1998 to 2008 in South Africa. A standardized boat-based plankton towing technique was used. Estuary type and physico-chemical conditions played a defining role in the trends observed. Estuary resident Clupeidae and Gobiidae dominated the mid-channel larval catch, particularly the preflexion stages in permanently and intermittently open estuaries and in estuarine lakes. Permanently open estuaries were also characterized by high numbers of larvae and early juveniles of marine migrant fishes. Density was higher in warmer months (spring and summer), which coincides with peak spawning in coastal habitats coupled with zooplankton maxima in the warm-temperate region. A strong seasonal component was also evident in larval fish catches in cool-temperate systems, but this peak coincided with late winter rainfall. River inflow provides a strong influence on food availability and larval survival. Species richness and diversity was higher in estuaries with either extensive habitat variability and/or a strong, natural good supply of river flow. This was particularly evident in the higher numbers of marine migrant larvae in these systems. Freshwater deprived estuaries also displayed high species diversity due to the higher incidence of marine straggler species. Characterization of salinity into zones provided a valuable means to understand distribution and abundance dynamics. Mesohaline zones had the highest density of larval fishes, providing ideal food patches. A select suite of species dominate the larval fish assemblages in the various estuary types studied. These patterns persist but species abundance and rank may vary interannually based on productivity and larval fish survival.