Glacial and post-glacial deposits of the Unayzah Formation (Carboniferous–Permian), Saudi Arabia: facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：M. A. Khalifa
• 关键词：Unayzah Formation ; Glacial ; Post ; glacial ; Carboniferous–Permian ; Saudi Arabia
• 刊名：Carbonates and Evaporites
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：30
• 期：2
• 页码：207-227
• 全文大小：3,955 KB
• 参考文献：Adams AE, MacKenzie WS, Guilford C (1984) Atlas of sedimentary rocks under the microscope. Longman, London
  Al Belushi JD, Glennie KW, Williams BPJ (1996) Permo-Carboniferous glaciogenic Al Khlata Formation, Oman: a new hypothesis for origin of its glaciation. GeoArabia 3:389-04
  Al Husseini MI (2004) Per-Unayzah unconformity, Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia. Spec. publ. 3, Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain, pp 15-9
  Al Laboun AA (1987) Unayzah Formation: a new Permian–Carboniferous unit in Saudi Arabia. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 71:29-8
  Al Laboun AA (1988) The distribution of Carboniferous–Permian siliciclastic rocks in the greater Arabian basin. Geol Soc Am Bull 100:362-73View Article
  Alsharhan AS, Nairn AEM (1995) Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Permian in the Arabian Basin and adjacent areas: a critical review. In: Scholle PA, Peryt TM, Ulmer-Scholle DS (eds) The Permian of Northern Pangea, vol 2. Sedimentary basins and economic resources. Springer, New York, pp 187-14
  Alsharhan AS, Nairn AEM, Mohammed AA (1993) Late Palaeozoic glacial sediments of the southern Arabian Peninsula: their lithofacies and hydrocarbon potentiality. Mar Pet Geo 10:71-7View Article
  Amrosi A (1995) Glaucony and sequence stratigraphy: a conceptual framework of distribution siliciclastic sequences. J Sediment Res 65:419-25
  Bell A, Spaak P (2007) Gondwana glaciation events and their influence on petroleum systems in Arabia. Adopted from extended abstracts prepared for 2006. Am Assoc Pet Geol. International Conference and Exhibition, Perth
  Bown TA, Kraus M (1987) Integration of channel and floodplain suits: I. Developmental sequence and lateral relations of alluvial paleosols. J Sediment Pet 57:587-01
  Braakman J, Levell B, Martin J, Potter TL, Van Vliet A (1982) Late Palaeozoic Gondwana glaciation in Oman. Nature 299:48-0View Article
  Bramkamp RA, Brown GF, Holm DA, Layne NM Jr. (1963) Geologic map of the Wadi as Sirhan quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: US Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-200A (scale 1:500,000)
  Chandler FW (1988) Quartzarenites, review, and interpretation. Sediment Geol 58:105-26View Article
  Crowell JC (1978) Gondwana glaciation, cyclothems, continental position, and climate change. Am J Sci 278:1345-372View Article
  Delfour J, Dhellemmes R, Elsass P, Vaslet D, Brosse JM, Le Nindre YM, Dottin O (1982) Geologic map of the Ad Dawadimi quadrangle, sheet 24G, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources Geoscience Map GM 60A, scale 1:250,000, with text
  Dott RH (2003) The importance of eolian abrasion is supermature quartz sandstones and the paradox of weathering on vegetation-free landscapes. J Geol 111:387-05View Article
  Douglas C, Norton AK, Neville AS (2006) Petroleum system and recent exploration of the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah and Devonian Jauf reservoirs in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Absrtact. Am Assoc Pet Geol. International Conference Exhibition, Perth
  Droser ML (1991) Ichnofabric of the Paleozoic Skolithos ichnofacies and the nature and the distribution of Skolithos piperock. Palaios 6:316-25
  Duchaufour P (1982) Pedology. Allen and Unwin, LondonView Article
  Dutta PK (1987) Origin and rarity of first cycle quartzarenite. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull. Abstract
  Eyles CH, Eyles N, Miall AD (1985) Models of glaciomarine deposition and their applications to ancient glacial sequences. Paleogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 51:15-4View Article
  Eyles CH, Eyles N, Gostin VA (1998) Facies and allostratigraphy of high-latitude, glacially influenced marine strata of the Early Permian Southern Sydney Basin, Australia. Sedimentology 45:121-61View Article
  Fielding CR, Bann KL, Maceachern JA, Tyes SC (2006) Cyclicity in the nearshore marine to coastal, Lower Permian, Pebbly Beach Formation, southern Sydney Basin, Australia: a record of relative sea-level fluctuations at the close of The Late Paleozoic Gondwanan ice age. Sedimentology 53:435-63View Article
  Fursich FT (1975) Trace fossils as environmental indicators in the Corallian of England and Normandy. Lethaia 8:151-72View Article
  Haq BU, Al-Qahtani AM (2005) Phanerozoic cycles of sea-level change on the Arabian platform. GeoArabia 10:127-51
  Isbell JL, Seegers GM, Gelhar GA (1997) Upper Paleozoic glacial and post glacial deposits, central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. In: Martini IP (ed) Late glacial and post glacial environmental changes, chapter 13. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 230-42
  Isbell JL, Miller MF, Babcock LE (2001) Ice-marginal environment and ecosystem prior to initial advance of the late Palaeozoic ice sheet in the Mount Butters area of the central Tranantarctic Mountains. Antarct Sedimentol 48:953-70View Article
  John M, Sprague RA (2006) Glacial and post-glacial character of the Lower Unayzah Formation in the subsurface of east central Saudi Arabia. Absrtact. Am Assoc1 Pet Geol. International Conference, Per
• 作者单位：M. A. Khalifa (1)
  
  1. Geology Department, Menofia University, Shebin El Kom, Egypt
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Geology
  Earth sciences
  Mineral Resources
  Mineralogy
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1878-5212

文摘

The Unayzah Formation exposed on the southwestern margin of the Arabian Plate presents an example of the glacial and post-glacial facies deposited on the passive continental margin above the Hercynian unconformity. The glacial facies (lower lithologic unit) includes one depositional sequence that occurs in narrow incised valleys within the subjacent Hercynian unconformity. It consists of stratified diamictite (glacial outwash deposits), mottled mudstone–diamictite (glaciofluvial) and rooted sandstones (orthoquartzite) (subaerial weathering). These deposits show an unconformbale relation with the overjacent post-glacial facies. The contact between them coincides with the end of glaciation at the end of Carboniferous and the subsequent initial sea level rise at the Early Permian. The upper lithologic unit represents the post-glacial facies. It constitutes the main thickness of the Unayzah Formation and comprises two depositional sequences separated by an erosional surface. The main facies in the upper unit are laminated claystone–marl, burrowed dolomicrite, pebbly sandstone (orthoquartzite), sandstone–marl, heterolithic facies and evaporite. These sediments contain numerous escaped trace fossils and were deposited during the processes of meltwater release during glacial recession.