Radiation Enteritis

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• 作者：Ali H. Harb (1)
  Carla Abou Fadel (1)
  Ala I. Sharara (1) (2)
  
• 关键词：Radiation ; Enteritis ; Enteropathy ; Radiotherapy
• 刊名：Current Gastroenterology Reports
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：May 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：16
• 期：5
• 全文大小：2,395 KB
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• 作者单位：Ali H. Harb (1)
  Carla Abou Fadel (1)
  Ala I. Sharara (1) (2)
  
  1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
  2. Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O. Box 11-0236/16-B, Beirut, Lebanon
  
• ISSN：1534-312X

文摘

Radiation enteritis continues to be a major health concern in recipients of radiation therapy. The incidence of radiation enteritis is expected to continue to rise during the coming years paralleling the unprecedented use of radiotherapy in pelvic cancers. Radiation enteritis can present as either an acute or chronic syndrome. The acute form presents within hours to days of radiation exposure and typically resolves within few weeks. The chronic form may present as early as 2?months or as long as 30?years after exposure. Risk factors can be divided into patient and treatment-related factors. Chronic radiation enteritis is characterized by progressive obliterative endarteritis with exaggerated submucosal fibrosis and can manifest by stricturing, formation of fistulae, local abscesses, perforation, and bleeding. In the right clinical context, diagnosis can be confirmed by cross-sectional imaging, flexible or video capsule endoscopy. Present treatment strategies are directed primarily towards symptom relief and management of emerging complications. Recently, however, there has been a shift towards rational drug design based on improved understanding of the molecular basis of disease in an effort to limit the fibrotic process and prevent organ damage.