Potential use of sulfite as a supplemental electron donor for wastewater denitrification
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- 作者：Fabrizio Sabba ; Andrew DeVries ; Mario Vera…
- 关键词：Sulfite ; Denitrification ; Wastewater ; Sulfur oxidation ; Sulfur oxidizing bacteria
- 刊名：Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：December 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：15
- 期：4
- 页码：563-572
- 全文大小：645 KB
- 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Environment
Environmental Biotechnology
Microbiology
Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1572-9826
- 卷排序：15
文摘
Biological denitrification typically requires the addition of a supplemental electron donor, which can add a significant operating expense to wastewater treatment facilities. Most common electron donors are organic, but reduced inorganic sulfur compounds (RISCs), such as sulfide (HS−) and elemental sulfur (S0), may be more cost-effective. S0 is an inexpensive and well characterized electron donor, but it provides slow denitrification rates due to its low solubility. A lesser-known RISC is sulfite (\({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\)), which can be easily produced from S0 by a simple combustion process. Unlike S0, \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) is highly soluble, and therefore may provide higher denitrification rates. However, very little is known about microbial denitrification with \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\). Also, \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) is a strong reductant that reacts abiotically with oxygen and has toxic effects on microorganisms. This paper reviews \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) in the environment, \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) chemistry, microbiology, toxicity, and its potential use for denitrification. Since \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) is an intermediate in the sulfur oxidation pathway of most sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms, it is an energetic electron donor and it should select for a \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\)-oxidizing community. Our review of the literature, as well as our own lab experience, suggests that \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\) can effectively serve as an electron donor for denitrification. Further research is needed to determine the kinetics of \({\text{SO}}_{3}^{2 - }\)-based denitrification, its toxic threshold for sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms, and its potential inhibition of sensitive species such as nitrifying microorganisms and potential formation of nitrous oxide. Its effect on sludge settling efficiency also should be explored.