文摘
The last of the rifting events at 1.37-.45 Ga that is considered to have led to the final breakup of Nuna was recorded in most of its building blocks (Laurentia, Baltica, and Siberian craton). At the type locality for the Riphean on the western slope of the South Urals, this event was recognized as the Mashak igneous event (?380 Ma) and can be classified as a LIP based on the volumes of magma generated (total igneous volumes >0.05 × 106 km3). The emplacement of large volumes of A-type granitic plutons in Laurentia and northwestern Baltica (in the present coordinates) was almost synchronous with this event. In the South Urals, within the Bashkirian meganticlinorium, the processes of granite generation and emplacement during this time took place on a much smaller scale. Anorogenic granites of this region are represented by rapakivi granites of the Berdyaush massif. The first REE and Lu-Hf isotope data for zircons from rapakivi granites and associated rocks of the Berdyaush massif reveal almost identical Lu-Hf isotope ages (?383 Ma) of rapakivi granites, quartz syenitic diorites, and nepheline syenites. It was shown that these rocks, which were emplaced into the heterogeneous Proterozoic crust between the Early and Middle Riphean, have the Hf isotopic compositions and Lu-Hf model ages reflecting the contribution from crustal sources with ages of 2013-219 Ma, whereas the associated gabbros indicate derivation from a source with the Lu-Hf ages of 1658 ± 1685 Ma and moderately depleted ?Hf(1383) of (4.1 ± 0.7-.9 ± 0.6). The REE characteristics (ΣREE, Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce*, Pr/Pr*, La/Lu) and Lu-Hf isotope systematics of zircons can be used to constrain the history and genetic evolution of supercontinents, e.g., supercontinent Nuna (Columbia) in particular.