Transcutaneous trigeminal nerve stimulation induces a long-term depression-like plasticity of the human blink reflex

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• 作者：Giovanna Pilurzi ; Beniamina Mercante ; Francesca Ginatempo…
• 关键词：Trigeminal nerve stimulation ; Blink reflex ; Long ; term depression ; Brain stem plasticity ; Neuromodulation ; Cranial nerve stimulation
• 刊名：Experimental Brain Research
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：234
• 期：2
• 页码：453-461
• 全文大小：615 KB
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• 作者单位：Giovanna Pilurzi (1)
  Beniamina Mercante (2)
  Francesca Ginatempo (2)
  Paolo Follesa (3)
  Eusebio Tolu (2)
  Franca Deriu (2)
  
  1. Neurological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 10, 07100, Sassari, Italy
  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100, Sassari, Italy
  3. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Neurosciences
  Neurology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1106

文摘

The beneficial effects of trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) on several neurological disorders are increasingly acknowledged. Hypothesized mechanisms include the modulation of excitability in networks involved by the disease, and its main site of action has been recently reported at brain stem level. Aim of this work was to test whether acute TNS modulates brain stem plasticity using the blink reflex (BR) as a model. The BR was recorded from 20 healthy volunteers before and after 20 min of cyclic transcutaneous TNS delivered bilaterally to the infraorbital nerve. Eleven subjects underwent sham-TNS administration and were compared to the real-TNS group. In 12 subjects, effects of unilateral TNS were tested. The areas of the R1 and R2 components of the BR were recorded before and after 0 (T0), 15 (T15), 30 (T30), and 45 (T45) min from TNS. In three subjects, T60 and T90 time points were also evaluated. Ipsi- and contralateral R2 areas were significantly suppressed after bilateral real-TNS at T15 (p = 0.013), T30 (p = 0.002), and T45 (p = 0.001), while R1 response appeared unaffected. The TNS-induced inhibitory effect on R2 responses lasted up to 60 min. Real- and sham-TNS protocols produced significantly different effects (p = 0.005), with sham-TNS being ineffective at any time point tested. Bilateral TNS was more effective (p = 0.009) than unilateral TNS. Acute TNS induced a bilateral long-lasting inhibition of the R2 component of the BR, which resembles a long-term depression-like effect, providing evidence of brain stem plasticity produced by transcutaneous TNS. These findings add new insight into mechanisms of TNS neuromodulation and into physiopathology of those neurological disorders where clinical benefits of TNS are recognized.