Options for sustainable development planning based on “GHGs emissions reduction allocation (GERA)” from a national perspective

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• 作者：Azadeh Tavakoli ; Majid Shafie-Pour…
• 关键词：Climate change ; GHG emissions ; Equity ; Development ; Model ; Iran
• 刊名：Environment, Development and Sustainability
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：18
• 期：1
• 页码：19-35
• 全文大小：714 KB
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• 作者单位：Azadeh Tavakoli (1)
  Majid Shafie-Pour (2)
  Khosro Ashrafi (2)
  Ghahreman Abdoli (3)
  
  1. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
  2. Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  3. Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environmental Management
  Economic Growth
  Ecology
  Economic Geology
  Environmental Economics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-2975

文摘

Climate change phenomenon can be seen as a simple but daunting problem. The lack of equity in emission reduction burden sharing regime, will cause a need for a greater sacrifice for poor or less developed countries. Thus, the evaluation of different aspects of equity at a national scale and presenting a top–down model of equity for allocation of GHGs emission (such as GERA) in line with sustainable development is the main objective of this study. In this study, the five equity principles proposed in the literature namely (1) population distribution, (2) GHGs emissions, (3) GDP, (4) trend of economic growth and (5) per capita of carbon productivity as appropriate criteria of equity estimation. Due to the different decision makers' preferences, different weights are allocated to indicators and analyzed. Iran has been considered as a case study, and these criteria were applied at national level to propose an allowance allocation scheme. The result of applying GERA for Iran, at provincial level and under the five equity criteria, determines which provinces have to shoulder higher reduction burdens, and makes a room for less developed provinces for growth. Based on these results, this model demonstrated to be more sensitive to criteria selection rather than to the weight factors. In addition, shifting to low carbon technologies or renewables, careful evaluation of current emission–income pattern, improving of energy intensity and finally, adjustment of secondary industries (manufacturing) based on ecological and natural resources of each region are suggested as the most efficient approaches toward sustainability and green development for the case study. Keywords Climate change GHG emissions Equity Development Model Iran