The impact of population density, energy consumption, economic growth and trade openness on CO2 emissions in India

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• 作者：Ramphul Ohlan
• 关键词：Population density ; Energy consumption ; Economic growth ; Trade openness ; CO2 emissions ; ARDL ; VECM ; Variance decomposition
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：79
• 期：2
• 页码：1409-1428
• 全文大小：668 KB
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• 作者单位：Ramphul Ohlan (1)
  
  1. Institute of Management Studies and Research, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840

文摘

As the world’s third largest carbon dioxide (CO₂) emitter, India has long been believed to mostly compromise with international environmental obligation. Using annual data for the period 1970-013, the study investigates the impact of population density, energy consumption, economic growth and trade openness on CO₂ emissions in India. It applies the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration for establishing the existence of a long-run relationship and uses vector error correction model to determine the direction of causality between the variables. The results indicate that there is a meaningful long-run relationship between CO₂ emissions and socioeconomic factors. We find that population density, energy consumption and economic growth have statistically significant positive effect on CO₂ emissions both in the short-run and long-run. Among these three drivers, population density proves the main influencing factor of CO₂ emissions changes. Therefore, a cautious population stabilization policy in the country would assist in reducing CO₂ emissions and sustaining long-run economic growth. The findings further support the continued policy actions to develop the alternative energy sources such as renewable, and to use green and clean technologies to curb CO₂ emissions without reducing energy consumption. Keywords Population density Energy consumption Economic growth Trade openness CO₂ emissions ARDL VECM Variance decomposition