Characterization of the Marine Boundary Layer and the Trade-Wind Inversion over the Sub-tropical North Atlantic

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• 作者：J. Carrillo ; J. C. Guerra ; E. Cuevas ; J. Barrancos
• 关键词：Marine boundary layer ; Radiosondes ; Subsidence ; Sub ; tropical troposphere ; Temperature inversion ; Trade ; wind inversion
• 刊名：Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：158
• 期：2
• 页码：311-330
• 全文大小：1,962 KB
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• 作者单位：J. Carrillo (2)
  J. C. Guerra (2)
  E. Cuevas (1) (2)
  J. Barrancos (3)
  
  2. Hydrometeorology Research Group (GRIHM), La Laguna University (ULL), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
  1. Izaña Atmospheric Research Centre (IARC), Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
  3. Environmental Research Division, Instituto Tecnológico de Energías Renovables (ITER), Granadilla de Abona, Spain
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1472

文摘

The stability of the lower troposphere along the east side of the sub-tropical North Atlantic is analyzed and characterized using upper air meteorological long-term records at the Canary Islands (Tenerife), Madeira (Madeira) and Azores (Terceira) archipelagos. The most remarkable characteristic is the strong stratification observed in the lower troposphere, with a strengthening of stability centred at levels near 900 and 800 hPa in a significant percentage of soundings (ranging from 17 % in Azores to 33 % in Güimar, Canary Islands). We show that this double structure is associated with the top of the marine boundary layer (MBL) and the trade-wind inversion (TWI) respectively. The top of the MBL coincides with the base of the first temperature inversion (\(\approx \)900 hPa) where a sharp change in water vapour mixing ratio is observed. A second temperature inversion is found near 800 hPa, which is characterized by a large directional wind shear just above the inversion layer, tied to the TWI. We find that seasonal and latitudinal variations of the height and strength of both temperature inversions are driven by large-scale subsiding air from the upper troposphere associated with the descent branch of the Hadley cell. Increased general subsidence in summertime enhances stability in the lower troposphere, more markedly in the southern stations, where the inversion-layer heights are found at lower levels enhancing the main features of these two temperature inversions. A simple conceptual model that explains the lower tropospheric inversion enhancement by subsidence is proposed. Keywords Marine boundary layer Radiosondes Subsidence Sub-tropical troposphere Temperature inversion Trade-wind inversion