Review: Overcoming the paradox of strength and ductility in ultrafine-grained materials at low temperatures

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• 作者：Praveen Kumar ; Megumi Kawasaki ; Terence G. Langdon
• 刊名：Journal of Materials Science
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：51
• 期：1
• 页码：7-18
• 全文大小：2,302 KB
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• 作者单位：Praveen Kumar (1)
  Megumi Kawasaki (2) (3)
  Terence G. Langdon (3) (4)
  
  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
  2. Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, South Korea
  3. Departments of Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1453, USA
  4. Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Materials Science
  Characterization and Evaluation Materials
  Polymer Sciences
  Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials
  Crystallography
  Mechanics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-4803

文摘

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials with grain sizes in the submicrometer or nanometer range may be prepared through the application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) to bulk coarse-grained solids. These materials generally exhibit high strength but only very limited ductility in low-temperature testing, thereby giving rise to the so-called paradox of strength and ductility. This paradox is examined and a new quantitative diagram is presented which permits the easy insertion of experimental data. It is shown that relatively simple procedures are available for achieving both high strength and high ductility in UFG materials including processing the material to a very high strain and/or applying a very short-term anneal immediately after the SPD processing. Significant evidence is now available demonstrating the occurrence of grain boundary sliding in these materials at low temperatures, where this is attributed to the presence of non-equilibrium grain boundaries and the occurrence of enhanced diffusion along these boundaries.