Localized outbreaks of Acanthaster planci at an isolated and unpopulated reef atoll in the Chagos Archipelago

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• 作者：R. C. Roche ; M. S. Pratchett ; P. Carr ; J. R. Turner ; D. Wagner ; C. Head…
• 刊名：Marine Biology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：162
• 期：8
• 页码：1695-1704
• 全文大小：1,145 KB
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• 作者单位：R. C. Roche (1)
  M. S. Pratchett (2)
  P. Carr (3)
  J. R. Turner (1)
  D. Wagner (4)
  C. Head (5) (6)
  C. R. C. Sheppard (3)
  
  1. School of Ocean Science, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, UK
  2. ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
  3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
  4. NOAA Papahnaumokuākea Marine National Monument, Honolulu, HI, USA
  5. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
  6. Zoological Society of London, Conservation Programmes, Regents Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Ecology
  Biomedicine
  Oceanography
  Microbiology
  Zoology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1793

文摘

Outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), Acanthaster planci, have occurred at many locations throughout the Indo-Pacific and are a major contributor to widespread coral loss and reef degradation. The causes of outbreaks remain controversial, but are commonly attributed to anthropogenically elevated nutrients and/or over-fishing. If so, it seems unlikely that outbreaks would occur in reef systems that are largely isolated from anthropogenic disturbances. However, high densities of COTS were recently observed on reefs in the Chagos Archipelago, a remote group of atolls and banks within the central Indian Ocean, which experience very limited anthropogenic influence. Aggregations of COTS were first noticed at Eagle Island in 2012, which, although unquantified, appeared to be at outbreak levels, and very high densities (1624?km?) were subsequently recorded at Danger Island in 2013. While these islands are uninhabited by humans, it is possible that nutrient inputs result from upwelling zones around the Archipelago, or high densities of breeding seabirds. Among islands within the Great Chagos Bank, densities of the red-footed booby Sula sula ranged from 8 to 7888 individuals km?, with associated guano input ranging from 96 to 25,381?kg island? year?. However, Danger and Eagle Islands where high COTS densities were recorded, had both high and low levels of guano production, respectively, which suggests that outbreaks may not be directly linked to guano nutrient enrichment. Other factors which might be responsible for intermittent COTS outbreaks should be considered in isolated reef systems such as the Chagos Archipelago.