Ultra-fast speech comprehension in blind subjects engages primary visual cortex, fusiform gyrus, and pulvinar -a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study

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• 作者：Susanne Dietrich (1)
  Ingo Hertrich (1)
  Hermann Ackermann (1)
  
• 关键词：Speech perception ; Compressed speech ; Late ; and early ; blind subjects ; Cross ; modal plasticity ; Timing
• 刊名：BMC Neuroscience
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：December 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：14
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1009KB
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• 作者单位：Susanne Dietrich (1)
  Ingo Hertrich (1)
  Hermann Ackermann (1)
  
  1. Center for Neurology/Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
  

文摘

Background Individuals suffering from vision loss of a peripheral origin may learn to understand spoken language at a rate of up to about 22 syllables (syl) per second - exceeding by far the maximum performance level of normal-sighted listeners (ca. 8 syl/s). To further elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying this extraordinary skill, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed in blind subjects of varying ultra-fast speech comprehension capabilities and sighted individuals while listening to sentence utterances of a moderately fast (8 syl/s) or ultra-fast (16 syl/s) syllabic rate. Results Besides left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), bilateral posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and left supplementary motor area (SMA), blind people highly proficient in ultra-fast speech perception showed significant hemodynamic activation of right-hemispheric primary visual cortex (V1), contralateral fusiform gyrus (FG), and bilateral pulvinar (Pv). Conclusions Presumably, FG supports the left-hemispheric perisylvian “language network- i.e., IFG and superior temporal lobe, during the (segmental) sequencing of verbal utterances whereas the collaboration of bilateral pulvinar, right auditory cortex, and ipsilateral V1 implements a signal-driven timing mechanism related to syllabic (suprasegmental) modulation of the speech signal. These data structures, conveyed via left SMA to the perisylvian “language zones- might facilitate -under time-critical conditions -the consolidation of linguistic information at the level of verbal working memory.