Modeling hydrothermal transfer processes in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China

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• 作者：Guojie Hu ; Lin Zhao ; Ren Li ; Tonghua Wu ; Xiaodong Wu…
• 关键词：permafrost ; coupled heat and mass transfer model (CoupModel) ; soil temperature ; soil moisture ; hydrothermal processes ; active layer
• 刊名：Chinese Geographical Science
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：25
• 期：6
• 页码：713-727
• 全文大小：1,998 KB
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• 作者单位：Guojie Hu (1)
  Lin Zhao (1)
  Ren Li (1)
  Tonghua Wu (1)
  Xiaodong Wu (1)
  Qiangqiang Pang (1)
  Yao Xiao (1)
  Yongping Qiao (1)
  Jianzong Shi (1)
  
  1. Cryosphere Research Station on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
  
• 刊物主题：Geography (general);
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1993-064X

文摘

Hydrothermal processes are key components in permafrost dynamics; these processes are integral to global warming. In this study the coupled heat and mass transfer model for (CoupModel) the soil-plant-atmosphere-system is applied in high-altitude permafrost regions and to model hydrothermal transfer processes in freeze-thaw cycles. Measured meteorological forcing and soil and vegetation properties are used in the CoupModel for the period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 at the Tanggula observation site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A 24-h time step is used in the model simulation. The results show that the simulated soil temperature and water content, as well as the frozen depth compare well with the measured data. The coefficient of determination (R 2) is 0.97 for the mean soil temperature and 0.73 for the mean soil water content, respectively. The simulated soil heat flux at a depth of 0–20 cm is also consistent with the monitored data. An analysis is performed on the simulated hydrothermal transfer processes from the deep soil layer to the upper one during the freezing and thawing period. At the beginning of the freezing period, the water in the deep soil layer moves upward to the freezing front and releases heat during the freezing process. When the soil layer is completely frozen, there are no vertical water exchanges between the soil layers, and the heat exchange process is controlled by the vertical soil temperature gradient. During the thawing period, the downward heat process becomes more active due to increased incoming shortwave radiation at the ground surface. The melt water is quickly dissolved in the soil, and the soil water movement only changes in the shallow soil layer. Subsequently, the model was used to provide an evaluation of the potential response of the active layer to different scenarios of initial water content and climate warming at the Tanggula site. The results reveal that the soil water content and the organic layer provide protection against active layer deepening in summer, so climate warming will cause the permafrost active layer to become deeper and permafrost degradation. Keywords permafrost coupled heat and mass transfer model (CoupModel) soil temperature soil moisture hydrothermal processes active layer