Acylated phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside and acteoside from Cistanche tubulosa, improve glucose tolerance in mice
文摘
Acylated phenylethanoid glycosides, echinacoside (1) and acteoside (2), principal constituents in stems of Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae), inhibited the increase in postprandial blood glucose levels in starch-loaded mice at doses of 250-00?mg/kg p.o. These compounds (1 and 2) also significantly improved glucose tolerance in starch-loaded mice after 2?weeks of continuous administration at doses of 125 and/or 250?mg/kg/day p.o. without producing significant changes in body weight or food intake. In addition, several constituents from C. tubulosa, including 1 (IC50?=?3.1?μM), 2 (1.2?μM), isoacteoside (3, 4.6?μM), 2-acetylacteoside (4, 0.071?μM), tubulosides A (5, 8.8?μM) and B (9, 4.0?μM), syringalide A 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (10, 1.1?μM), campneoside I (13, 0.53?μM), and kankanoside J1 (14, 9.3?μM), demonstrated potent rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity. In particular, the potency of compound 4 was similar to that of epalrestat (0.072?μM), a clinical aldose reductase inhibitor.