On the Ningaloo Ni?o/Ni?a

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• 作者：Takahito Kataoka ; Tomoki Tozuka ; Swadhin Behera ; Toshio Yamagata
• 关键词：Ningaloo Ni?o/Ni?a ; Coastal upwelling ; Unstable air–sea interaction ; Western Australia ; Leeuwin Current
• 刊名：Climate Dynamics
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：September 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：43
• 期：5-6
• 页码：1463-1482
• 全文大小：13,369 KB
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• 作者单位：Takahito Kataoka (1)
  Tomoki Tozuka (1)
  Swadhin Behera (2)
  Toshio Yamagata (2)
  
  1. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  2. Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan
  
• ISSN：1432-0894

文摘

Using both observational and reanalysis data, evolution processes of a regional climate phenomenon off Western Australia named recently “Ningaloo Ni?o (Ni?a)-are studied in detail. It is also shown that the Ningaloo Ni?o (Ni?a) has significant impacts on the precipitation over Australia. The Ningaloo Ni?o (Ni?a), which is associated with positive (negative) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and atmospheric anomalies off the western coast of Australia, peaks during austral summer and is classified into two types based on the difference in the evolution process. The first type called a locally amplified mode develops through an intrinsic unstable air–sea interaction off the western coast of Australia; an anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) generated by positive (negative) SST anomalies forces northerly (southerly) alongshore wind anomalies, which induce coastal downwelling (upwelling) anomalies, and enhance the positive (negative) SST anomalies further. The second type called a non-locally amplified mode is associated with coastally trapped waves originating in either the western tropical Pacific, mostly related to El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation, or the northern coast of Australia. Positive (negative) SST anomalies in both modes are associated with an anomalous low (high) off the western coast of Australia. The sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies in the locally amplified mode are regionally confined with a cell-like pattern and produce a sharp offshore pressure gradient along the western coast of Australia, whereas those in the non-locally amplified mode tend to show a zonally elongated pattern. The difference is found to be related to conditions of the continental SLP modulated by the Australian summer monsoon and/or the Southern Annular Mode.