Toxicology of arsenic in fish and aquatic systems

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• 作者：Bibha Kumari ; Vikas Kumar ; Amit K. Sinha ; Jawaid Ahsan…
• 关键词：Arsenic ; Transformation and metabolism ; Acute toxicity ; Behavioral and biochemical changes ; Hemato ; and immunological effects
• 刊名：Environmental Chemistry Letters
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：March 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：15
• 期：1
• 页码：43-64
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environmental Chemistry; Ecotoxicology; Pollution, general; Analytical Chemistry; Geochemistry;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：1610-3661
• 卷排序：15

文摘

Arsenic (As) is found in waters such as seawater, warm springs, groundwater, rivers, and lakes. In aquatic environments, As occurs as a mixture of arsenate and arsenite, with arsenate usually predominating. The unrestricted application of As pesticides, industrial activities, and mining operations has led to the global occurrence of soluble As above permissible levels of 0.010 mg/L. Continuous exposure of freshwater organisms including fish to low concentrations of As results in bioaccumulation, notably in liver and kidney. As a consequence As induces hyperglycemia, depletion of enzymatic activities, various acute and chronic toxicity, and immune system dysfunction. Here we review arsenic chemistry, the occurrence of arsenic in aquatic system, the transformation and metabolism of arsenic; arsenic bioaccumulation and bioconcentration; behavioral changes; and acute and other effects such as biochemical, immunotoxic, and cytogenotoxic effects on fish.