The Antisense Transcriptome and the Human Brain

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• 作者：James D. Mills ; Bei Jun Chen ; Uwe Ueberham…
• 关键词：Human brain ; Antisense transcripts ; Transcriptome ; RNA ; Seq
• 刊名：Journal of Molecular Neuroscience
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：58
• 期：1
• 页码：1-15
• 全文大小：834 KB
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• 作者单位：James D. Mills (1)
  Bei Jun Chen (1)
  Uwe Ueberham (2)
  Thomas Arendt (2)
  Michael Janitz (1)
  
  1. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
  2. Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
  
• 刊物主题：Neurosciences; Neurochemistry; Cell Biology; Proteomics; Neurology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-1166

文摘

The transcriptome of a cell is made up of a varied array of RNA species, including protein-coding RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, short non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. The cellular transcriptome is dynamic and can change depending on environmental factors, disease state and cellular context. The human brain has perhaps the most diverse transcriptome profile that is enriched for many species of RNA, including antisense transcripts. Antisense transcripts are produced when both the plus and minus strand of the DNA helix are transcribed at a particular locus. This results in an RNA transcript that has a partial or complete overlap with an intronic or exonic region of the sense transcript. While antisense transcription is known to occur at some level in most organisms, this review focuses specifically on antisense transcription in the brain and how regulation of genes by antisense transcripts can contribute to functional aspects of the healthy and diseased brain. First, we discuss different techniques that can be used in the identification and quantification of antisense transcripts. This is followed by examples of antisense transcription and modes of regulatory function that have been identified in the brain.