Initiation of mRNA translation in bacteria: structural and dynamic aspects

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• 作者：Claudio O. Gualerzi ; Cynthia L. Pon
• 关键词：Protein synthesis ; Translation initiation factors ; mRNA initiation region ; fMet ; tRNA ; GTP
• 刊名：Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：72
• 期：22
• 页码：4341-4367
• 全文大小：4,848 KB
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• 作者单位：Claudio O. Gualerzi (1)
  Cynthia L. Pon (1)
  
  1. Laboratory of Genetics, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Cell Biology
  Biomedicine
  Life Sciences
  Biochemistry
  
• 出版者：Birkh盲user Basel
• ISSN：1420-9071

文摘

Initiation of mRNA translation is a major checkpoint for regulating level and fidelity of protein synthesis. Being rate limiting in protein synthesis, translation initiation also represents the target of many post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating gene expression. The process begins with the formation of an unstable 30S pre-initiation complex (30S pre-IC) containing initiation factors (IFs) IF1, IF2 and IF3, the translation initiation region of an mRNA and initiator fMet-tRNA whose codon and anticodon pair in the P-site following a first-order rearrangement of the 30S pre-IC produces a locked 30S initiation complex (30SIC); this is docked by the 50S subunit to form a 70S complex that, following several conformational changes, positional readjustments of its ligands and ejection of the IFs, becomes a 70S initiation complex productive in initiation dipeptide formation. The first EF-G-dependent translocation marks the beginning of the elongation phase of translation. Here, we review structural, mechanistic and dynamical aspects of this process. Keywords Protein synthesis Translation initiation factors mRNA initiation region fMet-tRNA GTP