A review of the immunomodulatory role of dietary tryptophan in livestock and poultry
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- 作者：Miaomiao Bai ; Hongnan Liu ; Kang Xu ; Abimbola Oladele Oso ; Xin Wu ; Gang Liu…
- 关键词：Tryptophan ; Livestock ; Poultry ; Immune function ; Metabolites
- 刊名：Amino Acids
- 出版年：2017
- 出版时间：January 2017
- 年：2017
- 卷：49
- 期：1
- 页码：67-74
- 全文大小：
- 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
- 刊物主题：Biochemistry, general; Analytical Chemistry; Biochemical Engineering; Life Sciences, general; Proteomics; Neurobiology;
- 出版者：Springer Vienna
- ISSN：1438-2199
- 卷排序：49
文摘
Tryptophan, a nutritionally essential amino acid, is active in the regulation of immune responses in animals. The products of tryptophan metabolism, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, kynurenine, quinolinic acid, and melatonin, may improve immunity in an organism and induce anti-inflammatory responses. The immune tolerance processes mediated by tryptophan metabolites are not well understood. Recent studies have reported that the enzymes that break down tryptophan through the kynurenine metabolic pathway are found in numerous cell types, including immunocytes. Moreover, some tryptophan metabolites have been shown to play a role in the inhibition of T lymphocyte proliferation, elevation of immunoglobulin levels in the blood, and promotion of antigen-presenting organization in tissues. This review summarizes the effects and mechanisms of tryptophan and metabolites in immune functions in livestock and poultry. It also highlights the areas in which our understanding of the role(s) of tryptophan is incomplete and suggests possible future research that might prove of benefit to livestock and poultry producers.