Ground level air convection produces frost damage patterns in turfgrass

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• 作者：Bruce J. Ackerson ; Richard A. Beier…
• 关键词：Air convection ; Frost damage ; Turfgrass
• 刊名：International Journal of Biometeorology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：59
• 期：11
• 页码：1655-1665
• 全文大小：2,398 KB
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• 作者单位：Bruce J. Ackerson (1)
  Richard A. Beier (2)
  Dennis L. Martin (3)
  
  1. Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
  3. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Animal Physiology
  Plant Physiology
  Environmental Medicine/Environmental Psychology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1254

文摘

Frost injury patterns are commonly observed on the warm-season turfgrass species bermudagrass (Cynodon species Rich.), zoysiagrass (Zoysia species Willd.), and buffalograss [Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) J.T. Columbus] in cool-temperate and subtropical zones. Qualitative observations of these injury patterns are presented and discussed. A model for the formation of such patterns based on thermal instability and convection of air is presented. The characteristic length scale of the observed frost pattern injury requires a temperature profile that decreases with height from the soil to the turfgrass canopy surface followed by an increase in temperature with height above the turfgrass canopy. This is justified by extending the earth temperature theory to include a turf layer with atmosphere above it. Then the theory for a thermally unstable layer beneath a stable region by Ogura and Kondo is adapted to a turf layer to include different parameter values for pure air, as well as for turf, which is treated as a porous medium. The earlier porous medium model of Thompson and Daniels proposed to explain frost injury patterns is modified to give reasonable agreement with observed patterns. Keywords Air convection Frost damage Turfgrass