A new crowdsourcing model to assess disaster using microblog data in typhoon Haiyan

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• 作者：Qing Deng ; Yi Liu ; Hui Zhang ; Xiaolong Deng ; Yefeng Ma
• 关键词：Damage assessment ; Microblog data ; Index model ; Crowdsourcing ; Typhoon response
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：84
• 期：2
• 页码：1241-1256
• 全文大小：1,840 KB
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840
• 卷排序：84

文摘

Risk prediction and damage assessment play critical roles in disaster response to reduce losses. Social media can serve as crowdsourcing platforms for disaster information dissemination and data mining. Using typhoon Haiyan as an example, a close relationship between social media and disaster damage estimation is demonstrated, which provides a new perspective for disaster preparedness and response. Based on disaster-related social media data, a new index model is developed for situation awareness and damage assessment before, during, and after disasters. The difference between the new index model and traditional ones is that the new index is extracted from microblogs using semantic analysis method. The score of each index is determined by the emergency management experts. The weight is calculated based on TF-IDF method, a classical term frequency weight method. Based on the new index model, quantitative assessment is added to qualitative analysis. The assessment result is consistent with actual situation, which underlines the feasibility of implementation of the new model.